From: Poor quality of sleep and musculoskeletal pains among highly trained and elite athletes in Senegal
 | Categories | Total (Mean ± SD) | Female (Mean ± SD) | Male (Mean ± SD) | P-value α | Professionals (Mean ± SD) | Highly trained (Mean ± SD) | P-value β |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Anthropometric | Age (years) | 25 ± 2 | 26 ± 1 | 25 ± 2 |  < 0.0001 | 26 ± 4 | 25 ± 3 | 0.14 |
Height (m) | 179 ± 7.6 | 167 ± 4.5 | 182 ± 4.2 |  < 0.0001 | 1.79 ± 0.90 | 1.77 ± 0.88 | 0.03 | |
Weight (Kg) | 73.2 ± 8.5 | 67.3 ± 8.3 | 76.1 ± 13 |  < 0.0001 | 74.8 ± 12.8 | 72.6 ± 12.1 | 0.13 | |
BMI (Kg/m2) | 22.8 ± 0.9 | 21.2 ± 2 | 23.2 ± 0.1 | 0.9 | 23.3 ± 4.1 | 23.9 ± 10.8 | 0.51 | |
Training sessions | Number/week | 4 ± 1 | 3 ± 1 | 4 ± 1 |  < 0.0001 | 5.4 ± 1.2 | 3.9 ± 1.4 |  < 0.0001 |
PSQI components | Sleep onset latency | 1.02 ± 0.55 | 0.99 ± 0.53 | 1.03 ± 0.56 | 0.5 | 0.99 ± 0.50 | 1.03 ± 0.58 | 0.55 |
Sleep duration | 1.05 ± 0.82 | 1.12 ± 0.85 | 1.02 ± 0.80 | 0.3 | 1.13 ± 0.86 | 1.01 ± 0.79 | 0.2 | |
Sleep efficiency | 0.45 ± 0.55 | 0.50 ± 0.54 | 0.39 ± 0.56 | 0.1 | 0.39 ± 0.54 | 0.44 ± 0.56 | 0.4 | |
Sleep quality | 0.06 ± 0.27 | 0.06 ± 0.24 | 0.06 ± 0.28 | 0.6 | 0.10 ± 0.32 | 0.04 ± 0.22 | 0.09 | |
Disturbances | 0.98 ± 0.62 | 1.03 ± 0.57 | 0.95 ± 0.64 | 0.2 | 0.96 ± 0.54 | 0.99 ± 0.66 | 0.68 | |
Medication | 0.31 ± 06.4 | 0.31 ± 0.68 | 0.31 ± 0.62 | 0.9 | 0.25 ± 0.58 | 0.35 ± 0.67 | 0.2 | |
Daytime dysfunction | 0.83 ± 0.77 | 0.70 ± 0.72 | 0.89 ± 0.79 | 0.04 | 0.86 ± 0.77 | 0.78 ± 0.78 | 0.3 | |
 | PSQI Index | 4.67 ± 1.69 | 4.63 ± 1.67 | 4.68 ± 1.70 | 0.7 | 4.60 ± 1.65 | 4.70 ± 1.72 | 0.6 |
 |  | n(%) | n(%) | n(%) | P-valueα |  | ||
Athletic status | Elite | 115(35.9) | 30(26.1) | 85(73.9) | 0.21 | |||
High trained | 205(64.1) | 67(32.7) | 138(67.3) | n(%) | n(%) | P-valueβ | ||
Disciplines | Athletics | 42(13.1) | 19(45.2) | 23(54.8) |  < 0.0001 | 21(50) | 21(50) |  < 0.0001 |
Basket-ball | 80(25) | 38(47.5) | 42(52.5) | 39(48.8) | 41(51.3) | |||
Football | 90 (28.1) | 0(0.0) | 90(100) | 41(45.6) | 49(54.4) | |||
Rugby | 58(18.1) | 28(48.3) | 30(51.7) | 0(0.0) | 58(100) | |||
Wrestling | 14 (4.4) | 0(0.0) | 14(100) | 14(100) | 0(0.0) | |||
Tennis | 36(11.3) | 12(33.3) | 24(66.7) | 0(0.0) | 36(100) |