From: Exploring the impact of professional soccer substitute players on physical and technical performance
 | Independent of Position |  | Central Defenders |  | ||||||||
 | SP | RP | SE | EMP | SE | F test(p) | SP | RP | SE | EMP | SE | F test(p) |
 | (n = 1,071) | (n = 1,346) | (n = 3,454) | (n = 62) | (n = 80) | (n = 856) | ||||||
TD (m) | baseline | 771.833*** | 34.22 | 217.924*** | 61.56 |  < 0.001 | baseline | 684.700*** | 85.53 | 265.210** | 96.38 |  < 0.001 |
HID (m) | -69.407*** | 8.175 | -123.419*** | 8.175 |  < 0.001 | -55.178* | 15.709 | -100.462*** | 18.127 |  < 0.001 | ||
SPD (m) | -39.935*** | 5.029 | -64.129*** | 5.029 |  < 0.001 | -26.504* | 9.652 | -43.211*** | 11.138 |  < 0.001 | ||
 | Fullbacks |  | Central Midfielders |  | ||||||||
 | SP | RP | SE | EMP | SE | F test(p) | SP | RP | SE | EMP | SE | F test(p) |
 | (n = 54) | (n = 198) | (n = 770) | (n = 331) | (n = 333) | (n = 820) | ||||||
TD (m) | baseline | 479.566*** | 113.32 | 100.833 | 95.33 |  < 0.001 | baseline | 869.110*** | 73.31 | 292.94*** | 58.29 |  < 0.001 |
HID (m) | -44.548 | 27.23 | -105.097*** | 23.91 |  < 0.001 | -141.607*** | 18.02 | -160.31*** | 14.33 |  < 0.001 | ||
SPD (m) | -53.365*** | 17.15 | -80.360*** | 14.43 |  < 0.001 | -80.630*** | 10.294 | -81.408*** | 8.185 |  < 0.001 | ||
 | Wide Midfielders |  | Attackers |  | ||||||||
 | SP | RP | SE | EMP | SE | F test(p) | SP | RP | SE | EMP | SE | F test(p) |
 | (n = 456) | (n = 456) | (n = 434) | (n = 168) | (n = 279) | (n = 574) | ||||||
TD (m) | baseline | 885.807*** | 68.81 | 326.541*** | 67.24 |  < 0.001 | baseline | 705.717*** | 99.22 | 254.842*** | 78.74 |  < 0.001 |
HID (m) | -50.492** | 18.02 | -102.319*** | 17.61 |  < 0.001 | -37.732 | 22.95 | -108.663*** | 18.21 |  < 0.001 | ||
SPD (m) | -31.935** | 11.99 | -53.816*** | 11.71 |  < 0.001 | -9.932 | 15.405 | -56.085*** | 12.226 |  < 0.001 |