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Table 2 Changes in outcome parameters for the intervention (IG) and control (CG) groups

From: Effects of a randomized-controlled and online-supported physical activity intervention on exercise capacity, fatigue and health related quality of life in patients with post-COVID-19 syndrome

 

IG (n = 30)

CG (n = 32)

  

change from baseline

cohens d

change from baseline

cohens d

mean difference between groups over time [CI95%]

eta quadrat η²

FAS (points)

– 3.3 ± 5.8

0.55

– 3.0 ± 6.3

0.51

0.3 [– 2.6; 3.9]

0.00

V̇O2peak (ml/min/kg)

0.9 ± 2.6

– 0.32

0.3 ± 3.4

– 0.14

– 0.6 [– 1.8; 0.8]

0.01

V̇O2peak (%)

4.0 ± 9.2

-0.44

1.2 ± 8.0

-0.14

2.88 [– 1.78; 7.53]

0.03

Anxiety and depression scale

      

depression severity (points)

– 0.7 ± 2.4

0.31

0.3 ± 3.5

– 0.09

1.0 [– 0.7; 2.8]

0.03

anxiety severity (points)

0.0 ± 2.4

– 0.02

0.2 ± 2.6

– 0.06

0.2 [– 1.4; 1.6]

0.00

Health-related quality of life

      

physical component score (points)

2.2 ± 5.7

– 0.38

3.4 ± 7.9

– 0.43

1.2 [– 2.7; 5.1]

0.01

mental component score (points)

2.9 ± 9.2

– 0.31

– 0.1 ± 10.2

– 0.01

– 3.0 [– 8.5; 2.5]

0.02

work ability index (points)

– 0.3 ± 5.7

0.05

0.7 ± 3.5

– 0.19

1.0 [– 1.9; 3.8]

0.01

FEV1 (l)

0.03 ± 0.22

– 0.16

– 0.02 ± 0.23

0.08

– 0.05 [– 0.18; 0.07]

0.01

FEV1 predicted (%)#

1.1 ± 6.3

-0.17

-0.6 ± 6.9

0.09

1.69 [– 2.00; 5.39]

0.02

VC (l)

0.04 ± 0.28

– 0.13

0.04 ± 0.27

– 0.15

0.00 [– 0.15; 0.16]

0.00

VC predicted (%)#

0.7 ± 6.5

-0.10

0.8 ± 6.4

-0.12

-0.08 [– 3.69; 3.52]

0.00

  1. FAS: Fatigue assessment scale. FEV1: Forced expiratory volume in one second. VC: Vital capacity. V̇O2peak: Peak oxygen uptake
  2. Notes:
  3. Changes from baseline to after 3-month intervention were analyzed with Student’s T-Test for paired samples with data shown as mean ± SD
  4. Differences between groups (IG versus CG) were analyzed by an analysis of variance and shown as mean difference with 95% confidence intervals (CI95%)
  5. We detected no significant differences within groups or between groups over time. # according to reference [24]