Table 4b Analysis of elbow structural abnormalities of the pitchers
Elbow structural abnormalities + | Elbow structural abnormalities - | ||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | Mean | SD | n | Mean | SD | P | Min | Max | 95% Confidence level | ||||||||||
Age (years) | 59 | 16.5 | 1.0 | 109 | 16.5 | 1.0 | 0.89 | 13 | 19 | -0.295 | 0.339 | ||||||||
** Official baseball experience (years) | 59 | 7.8 | 2.2 | 109 | 6.7 | 2.3 | < 0.001 | 3 | 9 | 0.369 | 1.776 | ||||||||
** Started age (years) | 58 | 8.7 | 1.9 | 109 | 9.8 | 2.9 | < 0.001 | 7 | 14 | -1.729 | -0.450 | ||||||||
Height (cm) | 60 | 175.4 | 6.6 | 109 | 175.7 | 5.5 | 0.76 | 158 | 192 | -2.288 | 1.673 | ||||||||
BMI (kg/m2) | 60 | 23.3 | 2.6 | 109 | 22.9 | 2.8 | 0.36 | 17.4 | 35.1 | -0.450 | 1.219 | ||||||||
** Shoulder total rotation angle (o) | 60 | 148.5 | 29.2 | 108 | 161.6 | 28.1 | 0.01 | 135 | 185 | -22.133 | -4.002 | ||||||||
Shoulder ER (o) | 60 | 96.3 | 33.2 | 108 | 101.4 | 32.0 | 0.33 | 65 | 100 | -15.577 | 5.296 | ||||||||
Shoulder IR (o) | 60 | 52.3 | 21.7 | 108 | 60.2 | 29.3 | 0.05 | 55 | 105 | -15.776 | -0.079 | ||||||||
** Elbow total arm angle (o) | 56 | 133.6 | 9.2 | 89 | 137.2 | 9.5 | 0.03 | 110 | 145 | -6.746 | -0.426 | ||||||||