Table 1 Demographic characteristics of subjects with different groups in initial state

Age (years)

76.5 ± 3.53

72.5 ± 4.17

Weight (kg)

63.98 ± 5.84

69.7 ± 2.35

BMI (kg/m²)

23.2 ± 2.80

23.45 ± 0.90

Body Fat (%)

24.40 ± 5.12

21.28 ± 3.88

Handgrip strength (kg)

27.25 ± 1.39

31.00 ± 0.76

SMM (kg)

23.59 ± 1.74

26.21 ± 1.09

SMM/height² (kg/m²)

8.58 ± 0.54

8.72 ± 0.55

ASMM/height² (kg/m²)

6.27 ± 0.46

6.46 ± 0.39