Table 3 Characteristics of the included studies (continued)

Rozzi et al, 1999 [21]

26 active university students (15 male, 11 female) with and without FAI

Not specified

Training group (n = 13) - unilateral static and dynamic Biodex stability training 3 times a week × 4 weeks

Healthy control group (n = 13) - identical training to the FAI group

Biodex generated SIs, recorded for 4 conditions: involved limb at levels 2 and 6, and uninvolved limb at levels 2 and 6

AJFAT scores.

Subjects in both groups demonstrated significant post-training improvements in balance ability at stability levels 2 and 6

Post-training AJFAT scores were significantly better for both groups

SI at level 2: 1.13; 95% CI (2.25-6.31)

SI at level 6: 0.73; 95% CI (1.09-2.47)

AJFAT Scores: 2.39; 95% CI (19.47-23.41)

No significant between group effect for SI at level 2 or 6 & AJFAT

Matsusaka et al, 2001 [6]

22 university students (10 women, 12 men) with unilateral FAI

Present in 73% of subjects, as evidenced by a +ve anterior drawer sign

Tape and exercise group (n = 11, 7 with MI) - ankle disc training 5 times per week × 10 weeks with ankle tape in situ

Exercise only group (n = 11, 9 with MI) - identical programme without ankle tape in situ

Healthy adult group (n = 21) -tested once to determine normal range of rectangular area values

Postural sway was quantified using rectangular area values taken pretest and at 2,3,4,5,6,8, and 10 weeks of training

In the exercise only group postural sway values improved significantly after 6 weeks and were within the normal range after 8 weeks

Exercise only group:

Rectangular area values at 6 weeks: 1.501

12.2-15.5

Rectangular area values at 8 weeks: 1.921

11.6-14

No significant between group effect at 6 & 8 weeks