Determinants of pain, functional limitations and health-related quality of life six months after total knee arthroplasty: results from a prospective cohort study

Table 3 Association between the study participants’ characteristics and the WOMAC scores 6 months after total knee arthroplasty (n = 138)

WOMAC SCORE 6 MONTHS AFTER TKA^†	β^‡	95% CI	p value
Pain score (R ² = 0.11)
WOMAC pain score before surgery (%)	0.25	0.08 to 0.41	0.004
Cruciate retaining implant^§	- 8.21	−15.01 to −1.34	0.02
Number of in-hospital complications^¶	- 5.96	−10.76 to −1.16	0.01
Function score (R ² = 0.16)
WOMAC function score before surgery (%)	0.35	0.16 to 0.54	<0.001
Marital status (single, separated, divorced or widowed) °	- 6.84	−12.74 to −0.95	0.02
Occupational status (unemployed or retired) ^Δ	- 7.77	−14.70 to −0.87	0.03
Number of in-hospital complications^¶	- 5.04	−9.83 to −0.26	0.04

TKA: Total knee arthroplasty.
^† Stepwise multiple regression analysis.
^‡ Multivariate unstandardized linear regression coefficients. For each unit of the participants’ characteristics, there is in average a β increase (+) or a decrease (−) on the WOMAC score at 6 months after TKA. A positive β has a positive effect on the participants’ condition and a negative β has a negative effect.
WOMAC pain and function scores before surgery treated as continuous variables. Higher pain or function scores signify better patient status.
Other independent variables are categorical.
^§ Cruciate retaining compared to postero-stabilized implant.
^¶ Reference category = 0 complication compared to 1 and ≥ 2 complications.
° Single, separated, divorced or widowed compared to married or common law status.
^ΔUnemployed or retired compared to employed.

ISSN: 2052-1847