|
Parameter
|
Control group
|
HRR group
|
ACE-3ZM group
|
|---|
|
(n = 12; women = 7, men = 5)
|
(n = 12; women = 6, men = 6)
|
(n = 12; women = 6, men = 6)
|
|---|
|
Baseline
|
12weeks
|
Baseline
|
12weeks
|
Baseline
|
12weeks
|
|---|
|
Age (yr)
|
33.5 ± 7.0
|
____
|
33.0 ± 9.8
|
____
|
31.7 ± 9.6
|
____
|
|
Height (cm)
|
165.5 ± 9.6
|
____
|
170.3 ± 7.1
|
____
|
169.3 ± 12.7
|
____
|
|
Body mass (kg)
|
72.1 ± 9.6
|
72.2 ± 9.2
|
73.3 ± 12.4
|
73.8 ± 12.2*
|
72.8 ± 15.7
|
72.8 ± 15.5
|
|
Waist circumference (cm)
|
81.8 ± 8.4
|
82.0 ± 8.2
|
81.7 ± 8.3
|
82.5 ± 8.4*
|
80.1 ± 11.3
|
79.8 ± 10.8
|
|
Body fat (%)
|
19.8 ± 5.9
|
20.6 ± 5.4*
|
16.1 ± 5.1
|
16.6 ± 5.2*
|
19.5 ± 6.4
|
18.7 ± 6.2*‡
|
| Resting HR (b⋅min−1)
|
64.6 ± 12.2
|
65.2 ± 8.9
|
59.4 ± 11.6
|
59.3 ± 7.6
|
69.1 ± 7.4
|
65.1 ± 3.7
|
| Maximal HR (b⋅min−1)
|
179.0 ± 14.0
|
180.6 ± 12.3
|
180.9 ± 14.3
|
182.3 ± 12.0
|
182.4 ± 12.8
|
184.5 ± 12.9*
|
|
VO2max (mL⋅kg−1⋅min−1)
|
30.4 ± 6.4
|
29.9 ± 6.0
|
34.9 ± 5.3
|
36.6 ± 5.4*†
|
34.3 ± 9.0
|
38.3 ± 9.2*‡
|
|
Systolic BP (mmHg)
|
118.4 ± 9.7
|
120.0 ± 8.9
|
117.4 ± 6.8
|
119.3 ± 5.3
|
117.9 ± 9.8
|
115.9 ± 7.1
|
|
Diastolic BP (mmHg)
|
78.4 ± 8.9
|
80.5 ± 4.9
|
79.4 ± 3.7
|
78.6 ± 4.8
|
73.7 ± 11.2
|
74.0 ± 9.1
|
| Total cholesterol (mg⋅dL−1)
|
192.1 ± 32.9
|
194.4 ± 28.0
|
188.4 ± 23.8
|
188.9 ± 23.8
|
179.0 ± 47.1
|
168.3 ± 30.0
|
| HDL cholesterol (mg⋅dL−1)
|
52.0 ± 21.9
|
50.5 ± 19.1
|
53.3 ± 14.5
|
55.0 ± 14.7
|
51.8 ± 20.9
|
60.2 ± 20.3*‡
|
| LDL cholesterol (mg⋅dL−1)
|
111.0 ± 29.2
|
113.1 ± 25.8
|
110.2 ± 25.6
|
109.7 ± 22.4
|
92.2 ± 28.8
|
85.9 ± 27.7*
|
| Triglycerides (mg⋅dL−1)
|
115.4 ± 41.5
|
123.2 ± 40.8
|
118.2 ± 70.4
|
120.3 ± 57.5
|
94.8 ± 45.9
|
97.5 ± 33.0
|
| Blood Glucose (mg⋅dL−1)
|
88.5 ± 5.5
|
89.8 ± 7.1
|
90.1 ± 5.1
|
89.8 ± 5.1
|
92.4 ± 10.2
|
90.1 ± 4.9
|
- *Within-group change is significantly different from baseline, p < 0.05; † Change from baseline is significantly different than control group, p < 0.05; ‡ Change from baseline is significantly different than control and HRR groups, p < 0.05
