Table 1 Physical and physiological characteristics at baseline and 12weeks for control, HRR, and ACE-3ZM groups. (Values are mean ± SD)
Parameter | Control group | HRR group | ACE-3ZM group | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(n = 12; women = 7, men = 5) | (n = 12; women = 6, men = 6) | (n = 12; women = 6, men = 6) | ||||
Baseline | 12weeks | Baseline | 12weeks | Baseline | 12weeks | |
Age (yr) | 33.5 ± 7.0 | ____ | 33.0 ± 9.8 | ____ | 31.7 ± 9.6 | ____ |
Height (cm) | 165.5 ± 9.6 | ____ | 170.3 ± 7.1 | ____ | 169.3 ± 12.7 | ____ |
Body mass (kg) | 72.1 ± 9.6 | 72.2 ± 9.2 | 73.3 ± 12.4 | 73.8 ± 12.2* | 72.8 ± 15.7 | 72.8 ± 15.5 |
Waist circumference (cm) | 81.8 ± 8.4 | 82.0 ± 8.2 | 81.7 ± 8.3 | 82.5 ± 8.4* | 80.1 ± 11.3 | 79.8 ± 10.8 |
Body fat (%) | 19.8 ± 5.9 | 20.6 ± 5.4* | 16.1 ± 5.1 | 16.6 ± 5.2* | 19.5 ± 6.4 | 18.7 ± 6.2*‡ |
Resting HR (b⋅min−1) | 64.6 ± 12.2 | 65.2 ± 8.9 | 59.4 ± 11.6 | 59.3 ± 7.6 | 69.1 ± 7.4 | 65.1 ± 3.7 |
Maximal HR (b⋅min−1) | 179.0 ± 14.0 | 180.6 ± 12.3 | 180.9 ± 14.3 | 182.3 ± 12.0 | 182.4 ± 12.8 | 184.5 ± 12.9* |
VO2max (mL⋅kg−1⋅min−1) | 30.4 ± 6.4 | 29.9 ± 6.0 | 34.9 ± 5.3 | 36.6 ± 5.4*† | 34.3 ± 9.0 | 38.3 ± 9.2*‡ |
Systolic BP (mmHg) | 118.4 ± 9.7 | 120.0 ± 8.9 | 117.4 ± 6.8 | 119.3 ± 5.3 | 117.9 ± 9.8 | 115.9 ± 7.1 |
Diastolic BP (mmHg) | 78.4 ± 8.9 | 80.5 ± 4.9 | 79.4 ± 3.7 | 78.6 ± 4.8 | 73.7 ± 11.2 | 74.0 ± 9.1 |
Total cholesterol (mg⋅dL−1) | 192.1 ± 32.9 | 194.4 ± 28.0 | 188.4 ± 23.8 | 188.9 ± 23.8 | 179.0 ± 47.1 | 168.3 ± 30.0 |
HDL cholesterol (mg⋅dL−1) | 52.0 ± 21.9 | 50.5 ± 19.1 | 53.3 ± 14.5 | 55.0 ± 14.7 | 51.8 ± 20.9 | 60.2 ± 20.3*‡ |
LDL cholesterol (mg⋅dL−1) | 111.0 ± 29.2 | 113.1 ± 25.8 | 110.2 ± 25.6 | 109.7 ± 22.4 | 92.2 ± 28.8 | 85.9 ± 27.7* |
Triglycerides (mg⋅dL−1) | 115.4 ± 41.5 | 123.2 ± 40.8 | 118.2 ± 70.4 | 120.3 ± 57.5 | 94.8 ± 45.9 | 97.5 ± 33.0 |
Blood Glucose (mg⋅dL−1) | 88.5 ± 5.5 | 89.8 ± 7.1 | 90.1 ± 5.1 | 89.8 ± 5.1 | 92.4 ± 10.2 | 90.1 ± 4.9 |