Fig. 4

Three distinctly different intensity paradigms that could be optimal for preventing/treating insulin resistance and its progression to type 2 diabetes. Constant-work-rate exercise at the ‘fatmax’ would allow for the highest rate of lipid turnover while constant-work-rate exercise at the ‘critical power’ would result in the greatest sustainable rate of energy use. Even higher intensities can be achieved by employing high-intensity interval training; however, in this case, intermittent periods of rest or low-intensity exercise must be interspersed to allow the exercise bout to be continued. See text for further details regarding advantages and disadvantages of each of these approaches