|
Healthy subjects
|
Patients with CV risk factors
|
Cardiac subjects
|
---|
Peak work rate, W
|
170 ± 65*
|
121 ± 36
|
71 ± 28
|
Ramp duration, s
|
550 ± 139
|
572 ± 132
|
494 ± 148
|
Peak Borg scale
|
16.7 ± 1.3*
|
16.8 ± 1.4
|
15.4 ± 1.6
|
Peak HR, beats/min
|
164 ± 23*
|
134 ± 27
|
117 ± 19
|
%Predicted peak HR
|
90 ± 9.5*
|
83 ± 13
|
77 ± 12
|
VO2peak, mL/min
|
2031 ± 728*
|
1581 ± 413
|
973 ± 323
|
VO2peak, mL/kg/min
|
32.2 ± 9.2*
|
22.0 ± 6.0
|
16.0 ± 4.0
|
Peak R
|
1.18 ± 0.09
|
1.15 ± 0.09
|
1.14 ± 0.10
|
vVAT, mL/min
|
1042 ± 310*
|
916 ± 237
|
629 ± 169
|
vVAT, mL/min/kg
|
16.7 ± 4.1*
|
12.6 ± 3.2
|
10.4 ± 1.9
|
expVAT (VCO2), mL/min
|
1085 ± 353*
|
874 ± 199
|
589 ± 168
|
expVAT (VCO2), mL/min/kg
|
17.2 ± 4.2*
|
12.1 ± 2.7
|
9.7 ± 2.0
|
Exponential coefficient
|
1.0012 ± 0.0003*
|
1.0013 ± 0.0002
|
1.0020 ± 0.0006
|
expVAT (VE), mL/min
|
1053 ± 295*
|
884 ± 203
|
634 ± 176
|
expVAT (VE), mL/min/kg
|
16.7 ± 3.4*
|
12.2 ± 2.8
|
10.4 ± 2.3
|
Exponential coefficient
|
1.0010 ± 0.0003*
|
1.0011 ± 0.0002
|
1.0017 ± 0.0006
|
OUES (VCO2), mL/min
|
2036 ± 599*
|
1725 ± 345
|
1197 ± 326
|
OUES (VE), mL/min
|
2386 ± 679*
|
1988 ± 451
|
1413 ± 404
|
- *p-Value was significant at least at < 0.05 by 1-way analysis of variance.
- HR heart rate, VO2 oxygen uptake, R respiratory exchange rate, vVAT visual ventilatory anaerobic threshold: expVAT (VCO2), exponential VAT based on VO2 vs. VCO2; expVAT (VE), exponential VAT based on VO2 vs. VE; OUES (VCO2), oxygen uptake efficiency slope based on logVCO2 vs. VO2; OUES (VE), oxygen uptake efficiency slope based on logVE vs. VO2