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Table 3 Physical and biochemical characteristics at PRE, 20 h and 70 h post intervention

From: The effects of two weeks high-intensity interval training on fasting glucose, glucose tolerance and insulin resistance in adolescent boys: a pilot study

 

PRE

20 h post intervention

70 h post intervention

P-value

Effect size

Fasting

    

Partial Eta Squared

Glucose (mmo∙L−1)

5.05 ± 0.3

5.00 ± 0.3

5.09 ± 0.2

0.86

0.028

Insulin (μU∙ml.)

19.41 ± 8.4

18.63 ± 3.5

20.60 ± 8.2

0.84

0.025

HOMA-IR (arbitrary units)

2.47 ± 1.04

2.37 ± 0.45

2.61 ± 0.99

0.85

0.027

HOMA-S% (arbitrary units)

45.86 ± 15.44

43.51 ± 8.62

42.27 ± 13.11

0.87

0.024

HOMA- B% (arbitrary units)

170.93 ± 39.86

172.70 ± 18.10

177.26 ± 46.70

0.93

0.013

QUICKI (arbitrary units)

0.311 ± 0.017

0.311 ± 0.010

0.308 ± 0.015

0.89

0.020

FGIR (mg/10− 4 U)

5.27 ± 1.64

4.96 ± 0.82

4.92 ± 1.43

0.86

0.025

MMTT

 iAUC Glucose (mmol∙min∙L− 1)

91.08 ± 80.26

107.79 ± 77.26

81.06 ± 43.99

0.57

0.089

 tAUC Glucose (mmol∙min∙L− 1)

696.76 ± 74.11

707.67 ± 48.73

690.47 ± 36.96

0.56

0.093

 iAUC Insulin (μU∙ml∙min− 1)

4499.57 ± 1834.26

4538.14 ± 1882.24

4908.71 ± 1329.51

0.78

0.041

 tAUC Insulin (μU∙ml∙min− 1)

6807.00 ± 1415.10

6774.29 ± 1661.46

7380.29 ± 1906.95

0.60

0.082

Fitness

    

Cohen’s D

\( \dot{V} \)O2 max (L∙min−1)

2.44 ± 0.70

–

2.52 ± 0.76

0.27

0.10

HR max (b min− 1)

192 ± 8

–

193 ± 9

0.65

0.16

GET (L∙min− 1)

1.33 ± 0.29

–

1.35 ± 0.28

0.85

0.04

GET (% \( \dot{V} \)O2 max)

55.7 ± 7.1

–

54.9 ± 7.5

0.60

0.09

PP (W)

233 ± 58

–

244 ± 66

0.09

0.14

  1. Results shown as mean ± SD
  2. HOMA-IR homeostatic assessment of insulin resistance, HOMA-S% homeostatic assessment of insulin sensitivity, HOMA- B% %, homeostatic assessment of beta-cell function, QUICKI quantitative insulin sensitivity check index, FGIR fasting glucose;insulin ratio, iAUC incremental area under curve, tAUC total area under curve, HR heart rate, GET gas exchange threshold, PP peak power. P-values from ANOVA for fasting and MMTT outcomes, and paired sample T-test for fitness outcomes. Effect size from Partial Eta Squared for Fasting and MMTT outcomes, and Cohen’s D for fitness outcomes