One-repetition submaximal protocol to measure knee extensor muscle strength among older adults with and without sarcopenia: a validation study

Table 2 Descriptive and comparative data of skeletal muscle strength and mobility characteristics of older man and women (n = 94) from Ribeirão Preto, Brazil

Variables / Groups	M	SD	Min	Max	Range	95% CI		Normality test
Variables / Groups	M	SD	Min	Max	Range	LL	UL	Value	p
Estimation of 1RM for bilateral knee extension (kg)
♀ nSc	41.89^†	16.15	8.73	81.51	72.78	37.68	46.10	0.107^k-s	0.088
♀ Sc	30.32	7.40	20.96	39.29	18.34	22.55	38.08	0.879^s-w	0.263
♂ nSc	71.06	25.55	36.98	151.37	114.39	60.27	81.85	0.907^s-w	0.031
♂ Sc	50.89^†	17.65	28.58	65.04	36.47	22.81	78.97	0.864^s-w	0.275
No. of repetitions
♀ nSc	6.51	2.47	1.00	10.00	9.00	5.87	7.15	0.187^k-s	< 0.001
♀ Sc	7.67	1.63	5.00	10.00	5.00	5.95	9.38	0.916^s-w	0.480
♂ nSc	7.33	2.32	3.00	10.00	7.00	6.36	8.31	0.892^s-w	0.015
♂ Sc	7.25	2.22	4.00	9.00	5.00	3.72	10.78	0.801^s-w	0.103
Peak torque at 60°/s for unilateral knee extension (Nm)
♀ nSc	73.66^†	26.65	19.50	150.20	130.70	66.72	80.61	0.075^k-s	0.200
♀ Sc	68.47	18.28	50.20	97.90	47.70	49.28	87.65	0.911^s-w	0.441
♂ nSc	124.30	47.09	49.20	240.40	191.20	104.41	144.18	0.938^s-w	0.148
♂ Sc	92.88	36.33	44.30	130.90	86.60	35.06	150.69	0.966^s-w	0.818
Handgrip strength (kg)
♀ nSc	24.47^†	4.39	12.00	33.00	21.00	23.33	25.62	0.118^k-s	0.040
♀ Sc	20.00^*¥	3.16	17.00	20.00	9.00	16.68	23.32	0.829^s-w	0.104
♂ nSc	38.21	8.40	18.00	56.00	38.00	34.66	41.75	0.975^s-w	0.778
♂ Sc	27.25^†	1.89	26.00	30.00	4.00	24.24	30.26	0.791^s-w	0.086
Usual walking speed (m/s)
♀ nSc	1.23	0.36	0.63	2.51	1.88	1.14	1.33	0.118^k-s	0.039
♀ Sc	1.17	0.28	0.76	1.48	0.72	0.88	1.46	0.940^s-w	0.656
♂ nSc	1.30	0.33	0.80	2.40	1.60	1.16	1.44	0.881^s-w	0.009
♂ Sc	1.22	0.25	0.99	1.57	0.58	0.83	1.61	0.895^s-w	0.409

Note. CI confidence interval, LL lower limit, UL upper limit, ♀ nSc non-sarcopenic women, ♀ Sc sarcopenic women, ♂ nSc non-sarcopenic men, ♂ Sc sarcopenic men; *: p < 0.05 vs ♀ nSc; †: p < 0.05 vs ♂ nSc; ¥: p < 0.05 vs ♂ Sc; k-s: Kolmogorov-Smirnov; s-k: Shapiro-Wilk, 1RM one-repetition maximum

ISSN: 2052-1847