From: Effects of balance training on balance performance in youth: role of training difficulty
Variables | BT-low (n = 19) | BT-high (n = 19) | p-value (Cohen’s d) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pre | Post | ∆%a | Pre | Post | ∆%a | Test | Test x Group | Group | |
Static balance | |||||||||
OLS time; EO, FI [s] | 44.8 ± 19.8 | 58.7 ± 10.3 | + 31 | 50.4 ± 16.1 | 54.9 ± 13.9 | + 9 | .001 (1.22) | .078 (0.61) | .798 (0.09) |
OLS time; EC, FI [s] | 13.4 ± 11.7 | 30.0 ± 17.8 | + 124 | 23.7 ± 19.2 | 40.8 ± 20.8 | + 72 | <.001 (1.83) | .935 (0.04) | .037 (0.72) |
OLS time; EO, FO [s] | 23.7 ± 18.5 | 49.6 ± 17.5 | + 109 | 31.1 ± 21.6 | 49.4 ± 17.4 | + 59 | <.001 (2.03) | .301 (0.35) | .466 (0.25) |
Dynamic balance | |||||||||
Gait velocity [m/s] | 1.63 ± 0.26 | 1.66 ± 0.22 | + 2 | 1.71 ± 0.28 | 1.69 ± 0.20 | −1 | .909 (0.05) | .387 (0.29) | .461 (0.25) |
Proactive balance | |||||||||
AT [% LL] | 69.8 ± 9.2 | 73.2 ± 9.7 | + 5 | 71.6 ± 10.4 | 78.1 ± 11.1 | + 9 | <.001 (1.96) | .074 (0.61) | .301 (0.35) |
PM [% LL] | 110.3 ± 9.6 | 112.5 ± 7.7 | + 2 | 109.6 ± 13.9 | 114.9 ± 10.8 | + 5 | .001 (1.26) | .125 (0.52) | .802 (0.09) |
PL [% LL] | 104.4 ± 11.1 | 109.1 ± 7.4 | + 5 | 107.9 ± 12.8 | 113.1 ± 10.6 | + 5 | <.001 (1.51) | .829 (0.06) | .253 (0.39) |
CS [% LL] | 94.9 ± 8.7 | 98.3 ± 7.0 | + 4 | 96.4 ± 11.1 | 102.1 ± 9.2 | + 6 | <.001 (2.15) | .110 (0.54) | .356 (0.31) |
FRT [cm] | 42.7 ± 7.2 | 43.6 ± 6.4 | + 2 | 42.4 ± 9.6 | 45.7 ± 9.2 | + 8 | <.001 (1.57) | .014 (0.87) | .742 (0.11) |
TUG [s] | 5.2 ± 0.4 | 5.0 ± 0.5 | + 4 | 5.3 ± 0.7 | 5.2 ± 0.5 | + 2 | .098 (0.57) | .701 (0.13) | .521 (0.22) |