Effects of preoperative low-intensity training with slow movement on early quadriceps weakness after total knee arthroplasty in patients with knee osteoarthritis: a retrospective propensity score-matched study

Table 4 Factors independently influencing changes in quadriceps strength and TUG in all participants (independent variable: knee swelling [1 cm])

Dependent variables	Independent variables	Standardized β coefficient	p
QW	Age (year)	0.06	0.44
	Tourniquet time (min)	− 0.05	0.47
	Knee swelling (1 cm) (%)	−0.23	0.00
	ΔKnee pain during the QST (mm)	−0.17	0.03
ΔTUG	Age (year)	−0.04	0.60
	Gender	−0.07	0.39
	Knee swelling (1 cm) (%)	−0.05	0.55
	QW (%)	−0.29	0.00

Note. N = 173, male = 44. Standardized β indicates the adjusted regression coefficient. The Δ symbol indicates pre- and postoperative measurement changes
Abbreviations: QW quadriceps weakness, QST quadriceps strength test, TUG timed up and go test

ISSN: 2052-1847