Table 2 Sleep state according to chronotype

PSQI

global score

2.46 ± 2.26^a

3.14 ± 2.00^c,d

4.09 ± 2.15

5.05 ± 3.23

< 0.001

PSQI

sleep quality

0.62 ± 0.51^a

0.83 ± 0.59^c,d

1.06 ± 0.58

1.21 ± 0.61

< 0.001

PSQI

sleep onset latency

0.15 ± 0.38^a,b

0.62 ± 0.71^c,d

0.97 ± 0.87

1.16 ± 1.08

< 0.001

PSQI

sleep duration

0.23 ± 0.83

0.30 ± 0.70

0.41 ± 0.76

0.48 ± 0.94

0.376

PSQI

sleep efficiency

0.31 ± 0.85

0.16 ± 0.57

0.16 ± 0.48

0.34 ± 0.87

0.187

PSQI

sleep disturbance

0.77 ± 0.44

0.85 ± 0.57^d

1.01 ± 0.50

1.13 ± 0.62

0.002

PSQI

use of medications

0.15 ± 0.55

0.05 ± 0.33

0.02 ± 0.13

0.08 ± 0.38

0.337

PSQI

daytime dysfunction

0.23 ± 0.60

0.33 ± 0.55^d

0.46 ± 0.66

0.64 ± 0.68

0.005