Table 2 Ventilatory gas analysis and surface electromyographic results during Nordic walking (NW) and conventional walking (W)
From: Estimation of energy expenditure of Nordic walking: a crossover trial
NW | W | P-value | Δ (NW–W) | Δ (NW–W)/W (%) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
V̇O2 (mL·kg−1·min− 1) | 15.5 ± 3.9 | 13.5 ± 3.7 | <.01 | 2.0 ± 1.6 | 15.8 |
V̇CO2 (mL·min− 1) | 968.9 ± 300.0 | 840.3 ± 281.2 | <.01 | 128.6 ± 111.4 | 17.0 |
V̇E (L·min− 1) | 25.0 ± 6.9 | 21.6 ± 6.1 | <.01 | 3.4 ± 3.3 | 17.0 |
RER | 0.823 ± 0.058 | 0.815 ± 0.069 | <.05 | 0.007 ± 0.035 | 1.1 |
RR (beat·min− 1) | 24.6 ± 3.5 | 21.0 ± 3.1 | <.01 | 3.5 ± 3.8 | 18.2 |
SBP (mmHg) | 144.5 ± 11.5 | 134.5 ± 11.2 | <.01 | 10 ± 9.1 | 7.7 |
DBP (mmHg) | 79.2 ± 5.5 | 74.4 ± 5.1 | <.01 | 4.9 ± 5.9 | 6.9 |
HR (beat·min− 1) | 115.8 ± 14.4 | 106.9 ± 13.2 | <.01 | 8.8 ± 5.6 | 8.4 |
RPE | 8.3 ± 2.6 | 9.0 ± 2.7 | <.01 | − 0.6 ± 1.4 | −5.9 |
DEL (μV) | 12.0 ± 4.8 | 6.7 ± 3.7 | <.01 | 5.3 ± 3.1 | 94.9 |
BB (μV) | 18.9 ± 7.2 | 5.6 ± 4.5 | <.01 | 13.3 ± 8.8 | 381.4 |
TB (μV) | 21.8 ± 10.1 | 6.4 ± 3.2 | <.01 | 15.4 ± 9.2 | 308.6 |
VL (μV) | 65.4 ± 57.7 | 67.6 ± 57.9 | .60 | −2.2 ± 39.1 | 34.7 |
TA (μV) | 45.7 ± 14.4 | 40.9 ± 11.3 | <.01 | 4.8 ± 9.8 | 13.3 |
GCM (μV) | 39.7 ± 11.8 | 36.5 ± 12.3 | <.01 | 3.3 ± 6.8 | 11.7 |