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Table 2 Times for 10-m, 20-m, 30-m and 40-m sprint for the U14, U16 y U18 soccer players (mean ± standard deviation), together with effect size differences and results of ANOVA and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) controlling age peak height velocity, body mass and body mass index

From: Age-related differences in linear sprint in adolescent female soccer players

Variables

Age groups

ANOVA

Bonferroni’s post hoc test/

ES (magnitude of difference)

ANCOVA (APHV)

F/p

ANCOVA (BM)

F/p

ANCOVA (BMI)

F/p

U14

U16

U18

F

p

10 m sprint (s)

2.12 ± 0.10

2.04 ± 0.09

2.02 ± 0.12

4.443

 < 0.05*

1–2 (p < 0.05)* (ES: 0.89)

2–3 (p > 0.05) (ES 0.03)

1–3 (p < 0.05)* (ES 0.93)

1–2 F: 9.99 (p < 0.01)**

2–3 F: 4.72 (p < 0.05)*

1–3 F: 12.8 (p < 0.01)**

1–2 F: 0.36 (p > 0.05)

2–3 F: 0.07 (p > 0.05)

1–3 F: 0.52 (p > 0.05)

1–2 F: 0.39 (p > 0.05)

2–3 F: 0.07 (p > 0.05)

1–3 F: 0.54 (p > 0.05)

20 m sprint (s)

3.67 ± 0.14

3.55 ± 0.15

3.52 ± 0.18

3.626

 < 0.05*

1–2 (p < 0.05)* (ES 0.69)

2–3 (p > 0.05) (ES 0.09)

1–3 (p < 0.05)* (ES: 0.93)

1–2 F: 10.9 (p < 0.01)**

2–3 F: 6.61 (p < 0.05)*

1–3 F: 3.04 (p > 0.05)

1–2 F: 0.05 (p > 0.05)

2–3 F: 0.03 (p > 0.05)

1–3 F: 0.07 (p > 0.05)

1–2 F: 1.10 (p > 0.05)

2–3 F: 0.51 (p > 0.05)

1–3 F: 1.31 (p > 0.05)

30 m sprint (s)

5.18 ± 0.19

5.02 ± 0.24

4.96 ± 0.26

3.380

 < 0.05*

1–2 (p < 0.05)* (ES:0.64)

2–3 (p > 0.05) (ES: 0.11)

1–3 (p < 0.05)* (ES: 0.92)

1–2 F: 10.4 (p < 0.01)**

2–3 F: 6.51 (p < 0.05)*

1–3 F: 11.4 (p < 0.01)**

1–2 F: 0.10 (p > 0.05)

2–3 F: 0.14 (p > 0.05)

1–3 F: 0.03 (p > 0.05)

1–2 F: 1.14 (p > 0.05)

2–3 F: 0.04 (p > 0.05)

1–3 F: 1.39 (p > 0.05)

40 m sprint (s)

6.84 ± 0.27

6.54 ± 0.34

6.41 ± 0.34

6.169

 < 0.01**

1–2 (p < 0.05)* (ES: 0.85)

2–3 (p > 0.05) (ES: 0.17)

1–3 (p < 0.01)** (ES: 1.33)

1–2 F: 12.5 (p < 0.01)**

2–3 F: 6.38 (p < 0.05)*

1–3 F: 18.1 (p < 0.01)**

1–2 F: 0.71 (p > 0.05)

2–3 F: 0.04 (p > 0.05)

1–3 F: 0.85 (p > 0.05)

1–2 F: 0.94 (p > 0.05)

2–3 F: 0.04 (p > 0.05)

1–3 F: 1.16 (p > 0.05)

20 m flying (s)

3.11 ± 0.13

2.82 ± 0.64

2.61 ± 0.75

1.695

0.12

1–2 (p > 0.05) (ES: 0.62)

2–3 (p > 0.05) (ES: 0.30)

1–3 (p > 0.05) (ES: 0.92)

1–2 F: 4.79 (p < 0.05)*

2–3 F: 3.98 (p < 0.05)*

1–3 F: 4.34 (p < 0.05)*

1–2 F: 2.33 (p > 0.05)

2–3 F: 0.35 (p > 0.05)

1–3 F: 5.73 (p < 0.05)*

1–2 F: 0.26 (p > 0.05)

2–3 F: 0.02 (p > 0.05)

1–3 F: 0.41 (p > 0.05)

  1. ES: effect size; APHV: age peak height velocity; BM: body mass; BMI: body mass index; 1–2: U14 versus U16, 2–3 U16 versus U18; 1–3 U14 versus U18
  2. *Significant p < 0.05
  3. **Significant p < 0.01
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BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation

ISSN: 2052-1847

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