Effect of a 1-year intervention comprising brief counselling sessions and low-dose physical activity recommendations in Japanese adults, and retention of the effect at 2 years: a randomized trial

Table 4 Relationship between changes in PA and health parameters at 1- and 2-year (intervention group)

Change in MVPA vs.	Change in total energy intakes		Change in protein intakes		Change in carbohydrate intakes		Change in fat intakes
Nutrition parameters	Baseline +1-year	Baseline +2-year	Baseline +1-year	Baseline +2-year	Baseline +1-year	Baseline +2-year	Baseline +1-year	Baseline +2-year
Nutrition parameters	R = 0.03 (ns)	R = 0.15 (ns)	R = 0.04 (ns)	R = − 0.02 (ns)	R = 0.07 (ns)	R = 0.05 (ns)	R = − 0.10 (ns)	R = − 0.08 (ns)

Change in MVPA vs.	Change in weight		Change in waist circumference
Body composition parameters	Baseline +1-year	Baseline +2-year	Baseline +1-year	Baseline +2-year
Body composition parameters	R = − 0.15 (ns)	R = − 0.05 (ns)	R = − 0.18 (ns)	R = − 0.08 (p = 0.036)

Change in MVPA vs.	Change in resting HR		Change in mean arterial pressure		Change in baPVW
Vascular parameters	Baseline +1-year	Baseline +2-year	Baseline +1-year	Baseline +2-year	Baseline +1-year	Baseline +2-year
Vascular parameters	R = − 0.22 (p = 0.015)	R = 0.00 (ns)	R = − 0.03 (ns)	R = 0.04 (ns)	R = − 0.07 (ns)	R = − 0.07 (ns)

Change in MVPA vs.	Change in blood glucose		Change in HbA1c		Change in TG		Change in total cholesterol
Blood markers	Baseline +1-year	Baseline +2-year	Baseline +1-year	Baseline +2-year	Baseline +1-year	Baseline +2-year	Baseline +1-year	Baseline +2-year
Blood markers	R = − 0.13 (ns)	R = − 0.18 (ns)	R = 0.02 (ns)	R = − 0.01 (ns)	R = 0.05 (ns)	R = − 0.01 (ns)	R = − 0.06 (ns)	R = 0.05 (ns)

Change in MVPA vs.	Change in trunk flexibility		Change in vertical jump height		Change in VO₂PEAK
Physical fitness parameters	Baseline +1-year	Baseline +2-year	Baseline +1-year	Baseline +2-year	Baseline +1-year	Baseline +2-year
Physical fitness parameters	R = 0.03 (ns)	R = 0.04 (ns)	R = − 0.04 (ns)	R = − 0.03 (ns)	R = 0.15 (ns)	R = 0.23 (p = 0.030)

HbA1c, Glycosylated hemoglobin; HR, heart-rate; MVPA, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity; ns, non-significant; R, correlation coefficient; TG, Triglycerides; VO2PEAK, maximal oxygen consumption; “+1-year”: end of the intervention; “+2-year”: 1 year after the end of intervention. The results of the same analysis conducted in the control group are available as Additional file (Additional file 2: Table S2)

ISSN: 2052-1847