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Table 3 Comparison of baseline data and MACE (4 years) between the CR patients and NCR patients with HFmrEF

From: Effect of early cardiac rehabilitation on prognosis in patients with heart failure following acute myocardial infarction

 

HFmrEF group (n = 178)

CR (n = 56)

NCR (n = 122)

P

Sex, male (%)

36 (64.3%)

95 (77.7%)

0.068

Age (years)

58.84 ± 10.37

61.20 ± 11.31

0.174

History of hypertension, n (%)

29 (51.8%)

60 (49.2%)

0.872

History of diabetes, n (%)

14 (25%)

36 (29.5%)

0.593

Smoking history, n (%)

28 (50%)

75 (61.5%)

0.191

WBC (109/l), median (IQR)

9.88 (7.70, 12.89)

9.78 (7.80, 12.40)

0.802

Platelet (109/l), median (IQR)

228.5 (186, 271.75)

215.5 (180.5, 245.25)

0.120

HGB (g/l)

141.68 ± 17.316

141.91 ± 17.81

0.935

Blood potassium (mmol/l)

3.92 (3.66,4.14)

4.04 (3.77, 4.28)

0.112

Urea nitrogen (mmol/l), median (IQR)

5.27 (4.20,6.27)

5.57 (4.79, 6.77)

0.170

Creatinine (umol/l), median (IQR)

63.80 (56.53, 82.80)

70.85 (57.88, 81.70)

0.482

AST (U/l), median (IQR)

71.65 (34.43, 198.98)

94.60 (43.55, 217.80)

0.156

ALT (U/l), median (IQR)

45.15 (24.20, 67.63)

44.70 (27.70, 68.47)

0.590

HDL-C (mmol/l)

1.19 (1.00, 1.38)

1.21 (1.00, 1.52)

0.314

non-HDL-C (mmol/l)

3.60 ± 0.93

3.45 ± 1.05

0.341

TC (mmol/l), median (IQR)

1.33 (1.00, 2.02)

1.39 (0.98, 2.04)

0.961

FBS (mmol/l), median (IQR)

6.60 (4.93, 8.37)

6.62 (5.42, 9.73)

0.238

EDLV (mm)

52.04 ± 5.30

51.07 ± 5.02

0.256

EF (%), median (IQR)

46 (42, 48)

46 (44, 49)

0.057

Target lesion location

 LAD, n (%)

41 (73.2%)

86 (70.5%)

0.858

 LCX, n (%)

2 (3.6%)

6 (4.9%)

1.000

 RCA, n (%)

13 (23.2%)

30 (24.6%)

1.000

KILLIP class

 I, n (%)

0 (0.0%)

0 (0.0%)

–

 II, n (%)

31 (55.4%)

73 (59.8%)

0.625

 III, n (%)

13 (23.2%)

24 (19.7%)

0.691

 IV, n (%)

12 (21.4%)

25 (20.5%)

1.000

MACE, n (%)

2 (3.6%)**

36 (29.5%)

< 0.001

 Cardiogenic death, n (%)

0 (0.0%)

9 (7.4%)

0.059

 Rehospitalization, n (%)

2 (3.6%)**

27 (22.1%)

0.002

 Myocardial infarction, n (%)

1 (1.8%)

7 (5.7%)

0.438

 Heart failure, n (%)

1 (1.8%)**

18 (14.8%)

0.008

 Stroke, n (%)

0 (0.0%)

2 (16.4%)

1.000

  1. HFrEF: Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, HFmrEF: Heart failure with mid-range ejection fraction, CR: Cardiac rehabilitation, NCR: Non cardiac rehabilitation, WBC: White blood cell, HGB: Hemoglobin, AST: Glutamic pyruvic transaminase, ALT: Glutamic pyruvic aminotransferase, HDL-C: High density lipoprotein cholesterol, non-HDL-C: non-High density lipoprotein cholesterol, TC: total cholesterol, FBS: Fasting blood sugar, EDLV: End diastolic diameter of left ventricle, EF: Ejection fraction, LM: The left main coronary artery, LAD: Left anterior descending branch, LCX: Left circumflex branch, RCA: Right coronary artery, MACE: major cardiac events, IQR: Interquartile range
  2. Bold: P < 0.05 was considered as statistical significance
  3. *P < 0.05 versus the NCR group
  4. **P < 0.01 versus the NCR group