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Table 1 Summary of the roles of key cytokines in relation to exercise

From: The effect of exercise on cytokines: implications for musculoskeletal health: a narrative review

  1. Upwards arrow = upregulated after exercise. Sideways arrow = no change with exercise. More than one arrow indicates conflicting results between studies. Compiled with information from [5, 6, 10, 13, 15,16,17, 19, 22, 35]