Table 3 Associations between baseline variables and frequent pain at follow-up for boys and girls

Pain group

 Infrequent (ref)

1.000

1.000

 Frequent

2.418

(0.937–6.238; p = 0.068)

3.300

(1.029–10.588; p = 0.045)

Number of regions with frequent pain

 0 (ref)

1.000

1.000

 1

2.240

(0.500–10.039; p = 0.292)

2.400

(0.361–15.942; p = 0.365)

 ≥ 2

2.471

(0.907–6.727; p = 0.077)

3.600

(1.033–12.542; p = 0.044)

Pain intensity, NRS 0–10^a

1.087

(0.902–1.310; p = 0.382)

1.335

(0.961–1.855; p = 0.085)

EQ-5D^b

 1.00 (ref)

1.000

1.000

 < 1.00

1.728

(0.654–4.567; p = 0.270)

3.571

(1.026–12.434; p = 0.045)

Maturity offset (years)

0.530

(0.272–1.032; p = 0.062)

1.301

(0.328–5.156; p = 0.708)

Maturity offset category

 Average PHV (± 1.0 year; ref)

1.000

 Post PHV (> 1.0 year)

0.539

(0.056–5.159; p = 0.592)

^c

 Pre PHV (< − 1.0 year)

3.884

(1.146–13.171; p = 0.029)

Sports category

 Contact sports (ref)

1.000

1.000

 Non-contact sports

3.429

(1.001–11.748; p = 0.050)

8.282

(2.011–34.116; p = 0.003)