Short term high-intensity interval training in patients scheduled for major abdominal surgery increases aerobic fitness

Table 1 Descriptive analysis of cardiopulmonary exercise test results

	Baseline (n = 14)	Prehabilitation (n = 14)	P value
HR_rest (bpm)	74.6 (13.3)	75.7 (15.6)	0.745
HR_AT (bpm)	100.5 (10.3)	102.8 (8.9)	0.281
HR_peak (bpm)	140.8 (15.8)	145.5 (17.7)	0.060
\(\dot{\mathrm{V}}\)O₂AT (ml min⁻¹ kg⁻¹)	9.7 (1.6)	10.9 (1.9)	0.009
\(\dot{\mathrm{V}}\)O₂AT (l min⁻¹) median, IQR	0.73 (0.2)	0.76 (0.2)	0.004
\(\dot{\mathrm{V}}\)O₂ peak (ml min⁻¹ kg⁻¹)	18.6 (4.3)	21 (5.3)	0.006
\(\dot{\mathrm{V}}\)O₂ peak (l min⁻¹)	1.47 (0.5)	1.66 (0.6)	0.007
P AT (W)	48.1 (18.1)	65.5 (14.7)	0.004
MAP (W)	118.9 (30.8)	135.7 (39.2)	0.001
MAP relative (W kg⁻¹) median, IQR	1.46 (0.4)	1.67 (0.5)	< 0.001
METS max	5.5 (1.2)	6.3 (1.4)	0.006

Data are presented in mean (SD). N = 14, unless clarified
CPET: cardiopulmonary exercise testing; HR_rest: heart rate before CPET (beats per minute); HR_AT: heart rate at anaerobic threshold (beats per minute); HR_peak: heart rate at maximal oxygen uptake (beats per minute) (n = 13), \(\dot{\mathrm{V}}\)O₂peak (ml min⁻¹ kg⁻¹): relative maximal oxygen uptake (n = 12, a patient took off his mask due to discomfort),\(\dot{\mathrm{V}}\)O₂peak (l⋅min⁻¹): absolute maximal oxygen uptake (n = 12, a patient took off his mask due to discomfort); \(\dot{\mathrm{V}}\)O₂AT (ml min⁻¹ kg⁻¹): relative oxygen uptake at anaerobic threshold, \(\dot{\mathrm{V}}\)O₂AT (l min⁻¹): absolute oxygen uptake at anaerobic threshold; PAT: power at anaerobic threshold (W); MAP: maximal aerobic power (W) (n = 13); MAP relative: maximal aerobic power according to weight (W kg⁻¹) (n = 13); METS: metabolic equivalent of task

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