Fig. 6

Relationship between the scapular angle during isometric shoulder flexion and scapular angle at MER. a The amount of change in the scapular internal rotation angle (r = 0.54, p < 0.05), b scapular downward rotation angle (r = 0.52, p < 0.05), and c scapular anterior tilt angle (r = 0.58, p < 0.05) during isometric shoulder flexion has a significant relationship with the scapular downward angle at MER. Abbreviation: MER, maximum shoulder external rotation