Effect of low back pain on clinical-functional factors and its associated potential risk of chronicity in adolescent dancers of classical ballet: cross-sectional study

Table 2 Mean, standard deviation, and comparisons between different groups of low back pain (mild, moderate, and high) in relation to control for Start Back Screening Tool (SBST), clinical tests by Schober and Stibor, and foot posture index (FPI) of adolescent dancers of classical ballet

Physical exam	Mild low back pain (1)		Moderate low back pain (2)		High low back pain (3)		Control group (4)		p
Physical exam	Mean ± SD	95% CI	Mean ± SD	95% CI	Mean ± SD	95% CI	Mean ± SD	95% CI	p
SBST (score)	1.9 ± 1.1	0.8–2.8	2.8 ± 1.3	1.7–2.6	3.5 ± 1.4	2.9–4.4	–	–	0.008^&*^#
Schober test (cm)	12.5 ± 2.7	8.9–16.6	12.0 ± 2.6	10.7–12.9	13.4 ± 2.4	12.5–14.5	11.9 ± 2.9	10.4–12.3	0.335
Stibor test (cm)	15.9 ± 4.8	10.6–20.6	16.2 ± 3.2	14.1–17.6	16.7 ± 4.5	14.7–18.0	16.4 ± 4.4	13.8–17.3	0.946
Right FPI (score)	2.1 ± 4.7	− 0.7 to 6.5	1.0 ± 3.3	− 0.12 to 3.4	0.8 ± 3.0	− 1.2 to 1.8	0.6 ± 3.3	− 2.3 to 1.0	0.042^&*^#
Left FPI (score)	2.2 ± 3.6	− 0.5 to 6.7	0.5 ± 2.9	− 0.11 to 3.2	0.6 ± 3.4	− 1.6 to 1.4	0.4 ± 3.2	− 1.4 to 1.2	0.020^&*^#

*One-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey’s post-hoc, considering statistical differences p < 0.05
^&Differences low back pain high and mild
*Differences low back pain high and moderate
^#Differences low back pain high and control

ISSN: 2052-1847