Table 1 Descriptive values of older adults, including the correlation between bioelectrical variables and difference test
Men | Women | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Without sarcopenia (n = 25) | With sarcopenia (n = 04) | p | Without sarcopenia (n = 59) | With sarcopenia (n = 06) | p | |||||
Mean (SD) | CI-95% | Mean (SD) | CI-95% | Mean (SD) | CI-95% | Mean (SD) | CI-95% | |||
Age (years) | 71.0 (7.6) | 67.8–74.1 | 76.8 (6.6) | 66.2–87.3 | 0.164 | 69.5 (5.8) | 68.0–71.0 | 75.3 (5.6) | 69.4–81.3 | 0.023 |
Anthropometric variables | ||||||||||
Height (cm) | 169.2 (7.6) | 166.1–172.3 | 164.3 (9.8) | 148.6–179.9 | 0.255 | 156.4 (6.0)* | 154.8–157.9 | 154.3 (7.4) | 146.5–162.0 | 0.418 |
Weight (kg) | 75.1 (12.8) | 69.8–80.4 | 62.3 (16.7) | 35.7–88.8 | 0.085 | 67.8 (11.1)* | 64.9–70.7 | 54.4 (10.2) | 43.8–65.1 | 0.014 |
Upper arm crf (cm) | 29.4 (3.3) | 28.0–30.7 | 26.1 (4.4) | 19.1–33.1 | 0.090 | 30.3 (3.7) | 29.3–31.2 | 26.5 (3.7) | 22.5–30.3 | 0.017 |
Waist crf (cm) | 92.9 (10.6) | 88.5–97.3 | 89.4 (16.9) | 62.5–116.2 | 0.576 | 86.9 (10.0)* | 84.3–89.5 | 79.6 (11.0) | 68.0–91.2 | 0.096 |
Calf crf (cm) | 36.4 (3.1) | 35.1–37.7 | 31.2 (3.2) | 26.2–36.3 | 0.005 | 35.3 (2.9) | 34.5–36.0 | 31.7 (2.3) | 29.2–34.1 | 0.004 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 26.2 (3.5) | 24.7–27.6 | 22.8 (4.5) | 15.7–30.0 | 0.102 | 27.7 (4.3) | 26.6–28.8 | 22.8 (3.5) | 19.1–26.5 | 0.009 |
Body composition variables | ||||||||||
FM (kg) | 22.2 (6.6) | 19.5–24.9 | 19.6 (10.6) | 2.6–36.5 | 0.661 | 28.2 (6.9)* | 26.4–30.0 | 22.1 (7.4) | 14.4–29.9 | 0.046 |
FM (%) | 29.2 (6.5) | 26.5–31.0 | 29.7 (9.4) | 14.7–44.7 | 0.900 | 41.2 (5.2)* | 39.8–42.6 | 39.8 (6.7) | 32.7–46.9 | 0.548 |
BMC (kg) | 2.6 (0.5) | 2.4–2.8 | 1.8 (0.4) | 1.2–2.4 | 0.079 | 1.9 (0.3)* | 1.8–2.0 | 1.8 (0.3) | 1.4–2.1 | 0.287 |
BMC (%) | 3.5 (0.5) | 3.3–3.7 | 3.0 (0.7) | 1.9–4.1 | 0.123 | 2.9 (0.5)* | 2.8–3.0 | 3.3 (0.7) | 2.6–4.1 | 0.144 |
ALST (kg) | 21.5 (4.0) | 19.9–23.2 | 16.8 (2.9) | 12.1–21.4 | 0.032 | 15.0 (2.5)* | 14.3–15.6 | 11.5 (1.4)* | 10.0–12.9 | 0.001 |
ALST (%) | 29.3 (3.5) | 27.8–30.7 | 27.9 (3.8) | 21.9–34.0 | 0.370 | 22.5 (2.4)* | 21.9–23.2 | 21.6 (2.4)* | 19.1–24.1 | 0.345 |
SMI (kg/m2) | 7.9 (1.0) | 7.5–8.3 | 6.5 (0.5) | 5.6–7.3 | 0.009 | 6.5 (1.0)* | 6.2–6.7 | 5.1 (0.3)* | 4.8–5.4 | 0.001 |
Hydration variables | ||||||||||
TBW (l) | 40.5 (6.1) | 36.8–44.2 | 32.0 (7.5) | 13.3–50.7 | 0.055 | 28.8 (3.4)* | 27.5–30.1 | 25.3 (3.0) | 17.8–32.7 | 0.165 |
TBW (%) | 53.7 (5.8) | 50.2–57.2 | 55.9 (4.2) | 45.5–66.3 | 0.549 | 44.0 (3.7)* | 42.6–45.5 | 43.5 (2.4)* | 37.4–49.6 | 0.815 |
Bioelectrical variables | ||||||||||
R (ohm) | 475.1 (64.6) | 448.4–501.8 | 511.6 (56.1) | 422.3–600.1 | 0.297 | 541.1 (68.9)* | 523.2–559.1 | 638.0 (84.9)* | 548.9–727.1 | 0.002 |
Xc (ohm) | 48.9 (12.9) | 43.5–54.2 | 51.0 (11.7) | 32.4–69.6 | 0.762 | 56.9 (10.4)* | 54.2–59.6 | 54.5 (21.8) | 31.6–77.3 | 0.308 |
Z (ohm) | 474.9 (65.9) | 447.7–502.1 | 514.2 (57.0) | 423.5–604.8 | 0.272 | 545.8 (68.5)* | 527.9–563.6 | 640.5 (86.0)* | 550.3–730.7 | 0.002 |
PA (°) | 6.0 (1.6) | 5.3–6.2 | 5.6 (0.7) | 4.4–6.8 | 0.669 | 6.0 (1.0) | 5.7–6.3 | 4.7 (1.7) | 2.9–6.5 | 0.043 |
R/H (ohm/m) | 281.1 (38.2) | 265.3–296.8 | 313.1 (46.7) | 238.8–387.3 | 0.141 | 346.0 (42.0)* | 335.1–357.0 | 413.5 (49.9)* | 361.1–465.9 | 0.004 |
Xc/H (ohm/m) | 29.0 (7.7) | 25.8–32.1 | 31.3 (8.4) | 17.9–44.8 | 0.578 | 36.4 (6.7)* | 34.7–38.2 | 35.3 (14.1) | 20.5–50.1 | 0.248 |
Z/H (ohm/m) | 280.9 (38.8) | 264.9.1–296.9 | 314.7 (47.3) | 239.5–389.9 | 0.127 | 349.0 (41.5)* | 338.2–359.8 | 415.1 (50.6)* | 362.0–468.2 | 0.004 |
Rsp (ohm*cm) | 372.6 (43.5) | 354.6–390.5 | 356.7 (109.5) | 182.4–531.0 | 0.793 | 433.4 (71.3)* | 414.8–452.0 | 422.6 (110.9) | 306.2–539.1 | 0.739 |
Xcsp (ohm*cm) | 39.1 (12.1) | 34.1–44.1 | 35.7 (13.5) | 14.3–57.2 | 0.612 | 45.7 (9.8)* | 43.2–48.3 | 35.3 (15.9) | 18.7–52.0 | 0.024 |
Zsp (ohm*cm) | 374.8 (43.9) | 356.6–392.9 | 358.5 (110.3) | 183.1–534.0 | 0.789 | 435.9 (71.6)* | 417.2–454.5 | 424.3 (111.4) | 307.3–541.2 | 0.720 |
Physical performance variables | ||||||||||
6MWT (m) | 452.4 (106.9) | 408.3–496.5 | 465.9 (49.2) | 387.7–544.1 | 0.150 | 407.0 (97.2) | 381.6–432.3 | 440.9 (66.5) | 371.2–510.7 | 0.202 |
Hand grip Strenght (kg) | 37.1 (8.3) | 33.7–40.5 | 28.3 (2.1) | 25.0–31.5 | 0.045 | 24.5 (4.4)* | 23.3–25.6 | 18.7 (1.2)* | 17.4–19.9 | 0.001 |
Correlations | ||||||||||
r R-Xc | 0.017 | 0.988 | 0.465 | 0.907 | ||||||
r R/H-Xc/H | 0.075 | 0.998 | 0.447 | 0.944 | ||||||
r Rsp-Xcsp | 0.489 | 0.967 | 0.659 | 0.742 | ||||||