AFL | AFLW | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Inexperienced (n = 6) | Experienced (n = 17) | Inexperienced (n = 10) | Experienced (n = 13) | |||||
Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | p | ES | Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | p | ES | |
General | ||||||||
Age (y) | 19.7 ± 1.5 | 21.9 ± 1.3 | 0.002* | 1.57d | 23.8 ± 4.5 | 27.3 ± 3.2 | 0.040* | 0.90c |
Height (cm) | 183 ± 9.6 | 188 ± 6.9 | 0.227 | 0.54 | 168 ± 6.8 | 171 ± 6.3 | 0.258 | 0.49 |
Body mass (kg) | 78 ± 7.5 | 86 ± 7.8 | 0.055 | 0.98 | 66 ± 7.5 | 65 ± 6.2 | 0.809 | 0.10 |
Playing Year (y) | 1.5 (1.0) | 4.0 (1.0) | 0.001* | 3.95e | 2.0 (1.0) | 5.0 (0.0) | < 0.001* | 5.64e |
DXA | ||||||||
WBLH LSTM (kg) | 61.2 ± 6.90 | 68.7 ± 6.46 | 0.025* | 1.12c | 46.4 ± 3.82 | 47.7 ± 4.86 | 0.518 | 0.30 |
WBLH FM (kg) | 10.5 ± 1.75 | 10.1 ± 1.99 | 0.082 | 0.87 | 14.0 ± 4.27 | 11.88 ± 2.71 | 0.106 | 0.70 |
WBLH LSTM% | 82.4 ± 2.13 | 84.1 ± 2.04 | 0.103 | 0.82 | 74.8 ± 4.37 | 77.4 ± 3.34 | 0.124 | 0.67 |
WBLH FM% | 14.1 ± 2.01 | 12.3 ± 2.06 | 0.082 | 0.87 | 22.0 ± 4.60 | 19.2 ± 3.54 | 0.106 | 0.70 |
LMI (kg/m2) | 19.2 ± 1.39 | 20.5 ± 0.99 | 0.019* | 1.10c | 17.6 ± 1.26 | 17.3 ± 0.89 | 0.453 | 0.31 |
Appendicular LMI (kg/m2) | 9.12 (1.35) | 9.99 (0.78) | 0.058 | 0.88 | 7.86 ± 0.70 | 7.91 ± 0.55 | 0.866 | 0.07 |
Total Leg LSTM (kg) | 11.4 ± 1.04 | 12.8 ± 1.26 | 0.030* | 1.21d | 8.48 ± 0.85 | 8.83 ± 1.09 | 0.410 | 0.36 |
Total Leg FM% | 15.8 ± 1.51 | 13.5 ± 1.96 | 0.016* | 1.32d | 26.8 ± 4.93 | 23.9 ± 4.25 | 0.146 | 0.63 |
Thigh LSTM (kg) | 8.21 ± 0.84 | 9.13 ± 0.96 | 0.051 | 1.02c | 6.08 ± 0.60 | 6.28 ± 0.74 | 0.495 | 0.30 |
Thigh FM% | 15.9 ± 2.25 | 13.8 ± 1.91 | 0.036* | 1.02c | 27.9 ± 5.03 | 25.1 ± 4.11 | 0.158 | 0.61 |
Shank LSTM (kg) | 2.68 ± 0.34 | 3.01 ± 0.40 | 0.082 | 0.89 | 2.01 ± 0.27 | 2.17 ± 0.32 | 0.212 | 0.54 |
Shank FM% | 14.8 ± 2.1 | 12.7 ± 2.61 | 0.087 | 0.90 | 25.1 ± 6.49 | 21.9 ± 5.83 | 0.230 | 0.52 |
pQCT | ||||||||
Tibial length (mm) | 413.2 ± 22.3 | 425.8 ± 21.55 | 0.234 | 0.58 | 367 ± 13.4 | 377.3 ± 22.0 | 0.206 | 0.57 |
4% Bone Mass (g) | 4.92 ± 0.54 | 5.54 ± 0.62 | 0.042* | 1.06c | 3.86 ± 0.48 | 3.93 ± 0.48 | 0.761 | 0.13 |
14% Bone Mass (g) | 3.43 ± 0.36 | 3.76 ± 0.36 | 0.060 | 0.94 | 2.73 (0.55) | 2.82 (0.52) | 0.415 | 0.34 |
38% Bone Mass (g) | 5.00 ± 0.53 | 5.42 ± 0.48 | 0.090 | 0.82 | 3.97 (0.52) | 3.91 (0.68) | 0.547 | 0.30 |
Total Tibial Mass (g) | 4.45 ± 0.45 | 4.91 ± 0.45 | 0.044* | 1.02c | 3.56 ± 0.36 | 3.67 ± 0.46 | 0.536 | 0.27 |
4% Bone Area (mm2) | 1288 ± 163 | 1468 ± 217 | 0.080 | 0.94 | 1088 ± 112 | 1124 ± 123 | 0.480 | 0.30 |
14% Bone Area (mm2) | 557 ± 71.4 | 643 ± 78.2 | 0.028* | 1.14c | 484 ± 48.7 | 502 ± 48.4 | 0.384 | 0.37 |
38% Bone Area (mm2) | 545 ± 58.5 | 594 ± 62.03 | 0.106 | 0.81 | 422 (72.3) | 421 (66.6) | 0.439 | 0.36 |
66% Bone Area (mm2) | 909 ± 88.3 | 994 ± 110 | 0.104 | 0.85 | 711 (99.6) | 746 (93.4) | 0.055 | 0.83 |
4% vBMD (mg/cm3) | 386 ± 56.7 | 382 ± 45.4 | 0.858 | 0.08 | 356 ± 43.2 | 350 ± 27.2 | 0.667 | 0.18 |
14% vBMD (mg/cm3) | 618 ± 43.7 | 590 ± 56.92 | 0.284 | 0.56 | 588 ± 51.5 | 590 ± 52.4 | 0.955 | 0.02 |
38% vBMD (mg/cm3) | 918 ± 31.1 | 914 ± 38.9 | 0.804 | 0.13 | 921 ± 30.9 | 914 ± 31.4 | 0.573 | 0.24 |
Total vBMD (mg/cm3) | 641 ± 32.8 | 629 ± 40.0 | 0.509 | 0.34 | 622 ± 32.9 | 618 ± 27.2 | 0.739 | 0.14 |
Total CortD (mg/cm3) | 1118 ± 17.0 | 1109 ± 19.8 | 0.356 | 0.47 | 1138 ± 15.2 | 1142 ± 17.2 | 0.521 | 0.28 |
Total CortTh (mm) | 4.96 ± 0.42 | 5.03 ± 0.37 | 0.685 | 0.19 | 4.30 (0.54) | 4.01 (0.70) | 0.990 | 0.02 |
Total PeriC (mm) | 83.1 ± 4.5 | 88 ± 4.35 | 0.028* | 1.11c | 75.1 (4.85) | 75.7 (3.84) | 0.378 | 0.39 |
Total EndoC (mm) | 51.9 ± 4.28 | 56.39 ± 4.53 | 0.048* | 1.01c | 49.4 ± 2.93 | 50.8 ± 3.26 | 0.277 | 0.47 |
SSIPOL (mm3) | 2387 ± 370 | 2735 ± 377 | 0.064 | 0.93 | 1715 (352) | 1781 (306) | 0.380 | 0.40 |
FL.Rel (N/kg) | 70.8 ± 9.58 | 71.6 ± 6.82 | 0.834 | 0.09 | 56.8 (3.85) | 58.9 (14.2) | 0.185 | 0.57 |
Tibial Robustness | 2.00 ± 0.16 | 2.17 ± 0.23 | 0.096 | 0.86 | 1.85 ± 0.12 | 1.90 ± 0.13 | 0.391 | 0.40 |
66% Muscle Area (mm2) | 7448 ± 1143 | 8740 ± 1083 | 0.022* | 1.16c | 6881 ± 981 | 6865 ± 909 | 0.969 | 0.02 |