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Table 3 The comparison of differences in psychological domains or variables during four months in the allocated groups of type 2 diabetes mellitus (Mean ± SD)

From: Effects of structured exercises on selected psychological domains in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Southern Ethiopia institution-based study

Psychological domains (Variables)

Aerobic Exercise Group

Resistance Exercise Group

Combined Aerobic and resistance Exercise group

Control Group

P value

Factor I(Anxiety & Depression) tested by GHQ 12

-5.3 ± 4.4

-6.5 ± 4.5

-7.3 ± 3.9

5.2 ± 5.3

0.000

Factor II (Social Dysfunction) tested by GHQ 12

-10 ± 6

-9.5 ± 5.8

-11.7 ± 7

8.7 ± 8.5

0.000

Factor III(Loss of Confidence) tested by GHQ 12

-2.3±-2.3

-2.8 ± 2.7

-3.7 ± 2.3

2.7 ± 2.7

0.001

Sum of factor I Factor II & Factor III(Psychological wellbeing) tested by GHQ 12

-17.7 ± 12.5

-18.8 ± 12.0

-22 ± 13.3

16.5 ± 16.4

0.000

  1. Note: P value set at < 0.05; SD (±) – Standard Deviation, GHQ 12 - General Health Questionnaire of item 12