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Table 5 Mean (± SEM) passive (prone) vertebral compliance (Newtons) across the entire spinal column (C1 to L5) and each segment prior to (PRE UPRIGHT) and following (POST UPRIGHT) the performance of trunk muscle exercise in 1 g; and prior to (PRE SAHC) and following (POST SAHC) the performance trunk muscle exercise during 1 g at the CoM via short-arm centrifugation

From: Effect of trunk exercise upon lumbar IVD height and vertebral compliance when performed supine with 1 g at the CoM compared to upright in 1 g

Spine level

Passive PRE UPRIGHT

Passive POST UPRIGHT

Hedge’s g

Paired t-test UPRIGHT

Passive PRE SAHC

Passive POST SAHC (SPIN 2)

Hedge’s g

Paired t-test SAHC

Entire column

77.5 ± 1.7

74.0 ± 0.7

0.89

p = 0.064

81.0 ± 1.2

80.6 ± 1.1

0.11

p = 0.756

Cervical

77.3 ± 2.2

72.4 ± 1.4

0.87

p = 0.091

79.3 ± 1.0

79.4 ± 0.7

0.02

p = 0.936

Thoracic

77.4 ± 1.5

73.4 ± 1.1

0.98

p = 0.084

81.0 ± 1.8

80.2 ± 1.9

0.14

p = 0.708

Lumbar

78.1 ± 2.5

75.1 ± 2.2

0.41

p = 0.299

83.4 ± 2.5

83.3 ± 1.6

0.02

p = 0.945

Upper lumbar

77.1 ± 1.7

74.8 ± 1.9

0.32

p = 0.494

84.9 ± 2.6

83.3 ± 1.7

0.24

p = 0.542

Lower lumbar

79.5 ± 2.3

75.6 ± 3.1

0.47

p = 0.145

81.2 ± 2.4

83.1 ± 2.0

0.29

p = 0.508

  1. Paired t-tests with Hedge’s g effect size calculations were used to compare conditions