Table 2 Results of evaluation criteria

Knee valgus angle at initial contact (deg) [min, max]

2.3 ± 5.2 [− 11.0, 12.0]

2.1 ± 5.8 [− 12.4, 10.0]

0.4 ± 6.6 [− 11.8, 10.0]

Knee valgus angle at peak contact (deg)^a [min, max]

5.2 ± 10.0 [− 10.0, 23.4]

4.7 ± 10.4 [− 10.0, 21.4]

7.4 ± 10.0 [− 10.0, 20.2]

Knee flexion angle at initial contact (deg) [min, max]

11.4 ± 6.6 [0.0, 22.9]

9.6 ± 6.1 [0.0, 25.0]

11.0 ± 6.3 [1.0, 28.0]

Knee flexion angle at peak contact (deg) [min, max]

23.4 ± 9.2 [5.0, 41.0]

22.3 ± 8.0 [8.0, 41.0]

22.5 ± 7.5 [10.0, 39.0]

Knee varus/valgus moment (varus+) (%BW*Ht) [min, max]

2.0 ± 0.7 [0.7, 4.1]

1.9 ± 0.6 [0.3, 3.0]

2.0 ± 0.8 [0.3, 4.2]

Medial distance COM (m) [min, max]

0.26 ± 0.02 [0.21, 0.29]

0.24 ± 0.03 [0.15, 0.31]

0.25 ± 0.03 [0.16, 0.33]

Posterior distance COM (m) [min, max]

0.35 ± 0.05 [0.25, 0.46]

0.35 ± 0.05 [0.26, 0.47]

0.35 ± 0.05 [0.25, 0.47]

Speed (m/s) [min, max]

4.3 ± 0.3 [3.6, 5.0]

4.3 ± 0.3 [3.5, 4.9]

4.3 ± 0.3 [3.7, 5.0]