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Table 3 LM characteristics in circus artists

From: Ultrasonography of the multifidus muscle in student circus artists with and without low back pain: a cross-sectional study

 

Female (n = 18)

Male (n = 13)

Right

Left

Right

Left

Prone

 CSA (cm2)

6.83 ± 1.13

6.86 ± 1.11

8.01 ± 1.19

7.88 ± 1.10

 CSA asymmetry (%)

2.91 ± 3.89 †

2.21 ± 2.33 ‡

 Echo intensity (arbitrary units

51.76 ± 10.74*

47.02 ± 13.13

37.23 ± 7.11

36.40 ± 5.95

Thickness (cm)

 Rest

2.65 ± 0.26

2.70 ± 0.27

2.87 ± 0.39

2.96 ± 0.31

 Contracted

2.80 ± 0.27

2.87 ± 0.28

3.20 ± 0.43

3.24 ± 0.31

 Percentage change (%)

5.71 ± 5.04

6.46 ± 4.20

11.78 ± 4.71

9.52 ± 5.31

Standing

 CSA (cm2)

7.70 ± 1.23

7.79 ± 1.16

9.44 ± 1.25

9.48 ± 1.14

 CSA asymmetry (%)

2.17 ± 2.42 †

3.07 ± 2.91 ‡

Thickness (cm)

 Rest

3.06 ± 0.35*

3.19 ± 0.30

3.45 ± 0.45

3.52 ± 0.39

 Contracted

3.25 ± 0.34

3.31 ± 0.30

3.57 ± 0.43

3.66 ± 0.36

 Percentage change (%)

6.47 ± 5.39

3.99 ± 2.57

3.61 ± 2.78

4.10 ± 2.73

  1. *Indicates difference (p < 0.05) between left and right within sex
  2. †Indicates a Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare measure within same sex
  3. ‡Indicates a Mann–Whitney U test was used to compare a measure between sexes
  4. Bold indicates difference (p < 0.05) between sex