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Exercise physiology

Section edited by Fred DiMenna

This section considers studies on all aspects of human exercise physiology.

  1. Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide. Notwithstanding the well-known benefits of cardiac rehabilitation (CR), adherence to CR remains low, particularly in women. High-intensity interv...

    Authors: Kimberley L. Way, Sol Vidal-Almela, Marja-Leena Keast, Harleen Hans, Andrew L. Pipe and Jennifer L. Reed

    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2020 12:38

    Content type: Research article

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  2. Although numerous studies have reported the effect of inspiratory muscle training for improving exercise performance, the outcome of whether exercise performance is improved by inspiratory muscle training is c...

    Authors: Takeshi Ogawa, Maiko Nagao, Naoto Fujii and Takeshi Nishiyasu

    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2020 12:25

    Content type: Research article

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  3. Exercise training provides benefits for individuals with cystic fibrosis; however, the optimal program is unclear. High-intensity interval training is safe and effective for improving ‘functional capacity’ in ...

    Authors: Ronen Reuveny, Fred J. DiMenna, Cedric Gunaratnam, Avigdor D. Arad, Gerry N. McElvaney, Davide Susta, Michael Peled and Niall M. Moyna

    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2020 12:9

    Content type: Research article

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  4. Evidence suggests that disrupting prolonged bouts of sitting with short bouts of physical activity can significantly reduce blood glucose and improve insulin sensitivity; however, limited research is available...

    Authors: Shilpa Dogra, Mitchell Wolf, Michael P. Jeffrey, Ryan C. A. Foley, Heather Logan-Sprenger, Holly Jones-Taggart and Julia M. Green-Johnson

    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2019 11:23

    Content type: Research article

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  5. Hormonal physiology in athletes, dysfunctional paths leading to overtraining syndrome (OTS), and clinical and biochemical behaviors that are independently modified by the presence of OTS remain unclear. Althou...

    Authors: Flavio A. Cadegiani and Claudio E. Kater

    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2019 11:21

    Content type: Research article

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  6. Maximal strength increments are reported to result in improvements in sprint speed and jump height in elite male football players. Although similar effects are expected in females, this is yet to be elucidated...

    Authors: Sigurd Pedersen, Kim Arne Heitmann, Edvard H. Sagelv, Dag Johansen and Svein Arne Pettersen

    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2019 11:20

    Content type: Research article

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  7. Ventilatory anaerobic threshold (VAT) is a useful submaximal measure of exercise tolerance; however, it must be visually determined. We developed a new mathematical method to objectively determine VAT.

    Authors: Hirotaka Nishijima, Kazuyuki Kominami, Kazuo Kondo, Masatoshi Akino and Masayuki Sakurai

    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2019 11:10

    Content type: Research article

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  8. The mechanism for cardiac hypertrophy process that would be a benefit for improvement of cardiovascular endurance needed to be investigated throughly. Specific intensity of training may play a role for homeost...

    Authors: Julia Windi Gunadi, Vita Murniati Tarawan, Iwan Setiawan, Ronny Lesmana, Roro Wahyudianingsih and Unang Supratman

    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2019 11:9

    Content type: Research article

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  9. Wearing a textured shoe insole can decrease postural sway during static balance. Previous studies assessed bipedal and/or unipedal standing. In contrast, we aimed to investigate if textured insoles modulated p...

    Authors: Ryan P. W. Kenny, Daniel L. Eaves, Denis Martin, Anna L. Hatton and John Dixon

    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2019 11:5

    Content type: Research article

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  10. Power output and force development during exercise are thought to be important indices of performance in elite athletes. The aim of this preliminary study was to determine the forces applied at the footrest du...

    Authors: Å. B. Tornberg, P. Håkansson, I. Svensson and P. Wollmer

    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2019 11:1

    Content type: Research article

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  11. Swimming induced pulmonary oedema is an uncommon occurrence and usually presents during strenuous distance swimming in cold water. The prevalence is most likely underreported and the underlying mechanisms are ...

    Authors: Erik Hohmann, Vaida Glatt and Kevin Tetsworth

    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2018 10:18

    Content type: Research article

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  12. It has previously been suggested that heat exposure and hypohydration have negative effects on cognitive performance, which may impact upon sporting performance. The aim of the present study was to examine the...

    Authors: Hannah MacLeod, Simon Cooper, Stephan Bandelow, Rachel Malcolm and Caroline Sunderland

    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2018 10:12

    Content type: Research article

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  13. In order to investigate the impact of adherence to recommendations of physical activity and sedentary time on health outcomes in clinical trials, there is a need for feasible tools such as questionnaires that ...

    Authors: Hege Berg Henriksen, Sveinung Berntsen, Ingvild Paur, Manuela Zucknick, Anne Juul Skjetne, Siv Kjølsrud Bøhn, Christine Henriksen, Sigbjørn Smeland, Monica Hauger Carlsen and Rune Blomhoff

    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2018 10:8

    Content type: Research article

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  14. Leg-press machines are widely employed for musculoskeletal conditioning of the lower-limbs and they provide cardiovascular benefits for resistance training in cardiac patients. The aim of this study was to ass...

    Authors: Farouk Chrif, Tobias Nef and Kenneth J. Hunt

    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2018 10:5

    Content type: Research article

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  15. Despite debate regarding their effectiveness, many different post-exercise recovery strategies are used by athletes. This study compared five post-exercise recovery strategies (cold water immersion, contrast w...

    Authors: Fiona Crowther, Rebecca Sealey, Melissa Crowe, Andrew Edwards and Shona Halson

    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2017 9:25

    Content type: Research article

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  16. This systematic review was conducted with the first objective aimed at providing an overview of the physiological characteristics commonly evaluated in rugby and the corresponding tests used to measure each co...

    Authors: Matthew Chiwaridzo, Sander Oorschot, Jermaine M. Dambi, Gillian D. Ferguson, Emmanuel Bonney, Tapfuma Mudawarima, Cathrine Tadyanemhandu and Bouwien C. M. Smits-Engelsman

    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2017 9:24

    Content type: Research article

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  17. Ventilatory anaerobic threshold (VAT) is frequently used as a measure of exercise tolerance, with the V-slope method being the standard; however, this needs to be visually determined. Over the years, we have o...

    Authors: Hirotaka Nishijima, Kazuo Kondo, Kazuya Yonezawa, Hiroki Hashimoto and Masayuki Sakurai

    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2017 9:9

    Content type: Research article

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  18. The fascia provides and transmits forces for connective tissues, thereby regulating human posture and movement. One way to assess the myofascial interaction is a fascia ultrasound recording. Ultrasound can fol...

    Authors: Carlos Cruz-Montecinos, Mauricio Cerda, Rodolfo Sanzana-Cuche, Jaime Martín-Martín and Antonio Cuesta-Vargas

    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2016 8:18

    Content type: Research article

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  19. To evaluate the feasibility of executing a randomized controlled trial of progressive resistance training (PRT) in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

    Authors: Lisa Vizza, Caroline A. Smith, Soji Swaraj, Kingsley Agho and Birinder S. Cheema

    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2016 8:14

    Content type: Research article

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  20. Aerobic adaptations following interval training are supposed to be mediated by increased local blood supply. However, knowledge is scarce on the detailed relationship between exercise duration and local post-e...

    Authors: Fabian Stöcker, Christoph Von Oldershausen, Florian Kurt Paternoster, Thorsten Schulz and Renate Oberhoffer

    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2016 8:9

    Content type: Research article

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  21. Ultrasound imaging is a valuable tool in exercise and sport science research, and has been used to visualize and track real-time movement of muscles and tendons, estimate hydration status in body tissues, and ...

    Authors: David C Nieman, R Andrew Shanely, Kevin A Zwetsloot, Mary Pat Meaney and Gerald E Farris

    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2015 7:9

    Content type: Research article

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  22. To investigate more practical handling of Borg’s ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) and category-ratio scale of RPE (CR-10), we evaluated interrelationships between RPE, CR-10, and blood lactate concentration...

    Authors: Daijiro Abe, Takayoshi Yoshida, Hatsumi Ueoka, Koji Sugiyama and Yoshiyuki Fukuoka

    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2015 7:5

    Content type: Research article

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  23. This study investigated changes in normalised running speed as a proxy for effort distribution over segments in male elite and age group 100 km ultra-marathoners with the assumption that older runners would sl...

    Authors: Christoph A Rüst, Thomas Rosemann, Matthias A Zingg and Beat Knechtle

    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2015 7:1

    Content type: Research article

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  24. Rugby union players can take several days to fully recover from competition. Muscle damage induced during the match has a major role in player recovery; however the specific characteristics of match play that ...

    Authors: Marc R Jones, Daniel J West, Bradley J Harrington, Christian J Cook, Richard M Bracken, David A Shearer and Liam P Kilduff

    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2014 6:38

    Content type: Research article

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  25. Recent findings showed that elite Ironman triathletes competing in ‘Ironman Hawaii’ improved both split and overall race times. The present study investigated whether elite athletes also improved in transition...

    Authors: Christoph A Rüst, Thomas Rosemann, Romuald Lepers and Beat Knechtle

    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2014 6:37

    Content type: Research article

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  26. Recent studies found that the athlete’s age of the best ultra-marathon performance was higher than the athlete’s age of the best marathon performance and it seemed that the athlete’s age of peak ultra-marathon...

    Authors: Christoph Alexander Rüst, Matthias Alexander Zingg, Thomas Rosemann and Beat Knechtle

    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2014 6:36

    Content type: Research article

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  27. The aims of the study were (i) to investigate the relationship between elite marathon race times and age in 1-year intervals by using the world single age records in marathon running from 5 to 93 years and (ii) t...

    Authors: Beat Knechtle, Hervé Assadi, Romuald Lepers, Thomas Rosemann and Christoph Alexander Rüst

    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2014 6:31

    Content type: Research article

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  28. This study investigated swimming speeds and sex differences of finalists competing at the Olympic Games (i.e. 624 female and 672 male athletes) and FINA World Championships (i.e. 990 women and 1008 men) between 1...

    Authors: Stefanie Wild, Christoph Alexander Rüst, Thomas Rosemann and Beat Knechtle

    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2014 6:25

    Content type: Research article

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  29. The hemodynamic and cardiac responses to exercise have been widely investigated in adults. However, little is known regarding myocardial performance in response to a short bout of maximal exercise in adolescen...

    Authors: Åsa Fomin, Cristina Da Silva, Mattias Ahlstrand, Anders Sahlén, Lars Lund, Marcus Stahlberg, Anders Gabrielsen and Aristomenis Manouras

    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2014 6:24

    Content type: Commentary

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  30. Despite growing interest in the relationship between exercise and short-term neural plasticity, the effects of exercise on motor cortical (M1) excitability are not well studied. Acute, lower-limb aerobic exerc...

    Authors: Amaya M Singh, Robin E Duncan, Jason L Neva and W Richard Staines

    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2014 6:23

    Content type: Research article

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  31. Repeated sprint performance is determined by explosive production of power, as well as rapid recovery between successive sprints, and there is evidence that compression garments and sports taping can improve b...

    Authors: Dennis-Peter Born, Hans-Christer Holmberg, Florian Goernert and Billy Sperlich

    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2014 6:21

    Content type: Research article

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  32. The purpose of this study was to examine the sex and age-related differences in performance in a draft-legal ultra-cycling event.

    Authors: Lara Pozzi, Beat Knechtle, Patrizia Knechtle, Thomas Rosemann, Romuald Lepers and Christoph Alexander Rüst

    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2014 6:19

    Content type: Research article

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  33. The purpose of the present study was to analyse potential changes in performance of elite breaststroke swimmers competing at national and international level and to compare to elite freestyle swimming performa...

    Authors: Mathias Wolfrum, Christoph Alexander Rüst, Thomas Rosemann, Romuald Lepers and Beat Knechtle

    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2014 6:18

    Content type: Research article

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  34. The present study investigated the changes in swimming speeds and sex differences for elite male and female swimmers competing in 5 km, 10 km and 25 km open-water FINA World Cup races held between 2000 and 2012.

    Authors: Matthias Alexander Zingg, Christoph Alexander Rüst, Thomas Rosemann, Romuald Lepers and Beat Knechtle

    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2014 6:7

    Content type: Research article

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  35. The mechanisms through which exercise reduces cardiovascular disease are not fully understood. We used echocardiograms, cardiac biomarkers and gene expression to investigate cardiovascular effects associated w...

    Authors: Danica D Vance, Gordon L Chen, Mark Stoutenberg, Robert J Myerburg, Kevin Jacobs, Lubov Nathanson, Arlette Perry, David Seo, Pascal J Goldschmidt-Clermont and Evadnie Rampersaud

    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2014 6:6

    Content type: Research article

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  36. During the 4,487 km ultra marathon TransEurope-FootRace 2009 (TEFR09), runners showed catabolism with considerable reduction of body weight as well as reversible brain volume reduction. We hypothesized that ul...

    Authors: Wolfgang Freund, Sonja Faust, Christian Gaser, Georg Grön, Frank Birklein, Arthur P Wunderlich, Marguerite Müller, Christian Billich and Uwe H Schütz

    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2014 6:4

    Content type: Research article

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  37. The ability to sustain brief high-intensity intermittent efforts (HIE) is meant to be a major attribute for performance in team sports. Adding changes of direction to HIE is believed to increase the specificit...

    Authors: Karim Hader, Alberto Mendez-Villanueva, Said Ahmaidi, Ben K Williams and Martin Buchheit

    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2014 6:2

    Content type: Research article

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  38. Sex-related differences in performance and in age of peak performance have been reported for freestyle swimming. However, little is known about the sex-related differences in other swimming styles. The aim of ...

    Authors: Mathias Wolfrum, Beat Knechtle, Christoph Alexander Rüst, Thomas Rosemann and Romuald Lepers

    Citation: Sports Medicine, Arthroscopy, Rehabilitation, Therapy & Technology 2013 5:29

    Content type: Research article

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  39. This study examined the effects of different levels of compression (0, 20 and 40 mmHg) produced by leg garments on selected psycho-physiological measures of performance while exposed to passive vibration (60 H...

    Authors: Billy Sperlich, Dennis-Peter Born, Mikael Swarén, Yvonne Kilian, Björn Geesmann, Matthias Kohl-Bareis and Hans-Christer Holmberg

    Citation: Sports Medicine, Arthroscopy, Rehabilitation, Therapy & Technology 2013 5:18

    Content type: Research article

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BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation

ISSN: 2052-1847

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