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Table 8 Characteristics of the included studies (continued)

From: Neuromuscular training to enhance sensorimotor and functional deficits in subjects with chronic ankle instability: A systematic review and best evidence synthesis

Author

Study Population

Presence

of MI

Groupings/Intervention

Outcome Measures

Significant Findings

Within Group Effect Sizes

Between Group Effect Sizes

McKeon et al, 2008 [8]

31 physically active individuals (12 males, 19 females) with a history of FAI

Not specified

CAI balance training group (n = 16) - balance training that emphasised dynamic stabilisation in SLS 3 times per week × 4 weeks

CAI control group (n = 15) - no intervention

FADI and FADI-Sport scores

COP excursion measures including a 95% confidence ellipse, velocity, range and SD

TTB measures including the absolute minimum TTB, mean of TTB minima, and SD of TTB minima in the A/P and M/L directions with eyes open and closed

SEBT measures in the A/P, P/M, and P/L directions

The balance training group had significant improvements in the FADI and the FADI-Sport scores, in the magnitude and variability of TTB measures with eyes closed, and in reach distances in the posteromedial and posterolateral directions of the SEBT. Only one of the summary COP-based measures (velocity of COPML, eyes closed) significantly changed after balance training

FADI Scores: 0.98; 95% CI (86.35-92.85)

FADI-Sport Scores: 1.25; 95% CI (72.0-82.9)

Absolute Min TTB M/L eyes closed: 0.8; 95% CI (0.48-0.56)

Mean Min TTB M/L eyes closed: 0.6; 95% CI (1.77-2.23)

Mean min TTB A/P eyes closed: 0.41; 95% CI (4.93-6.43)

SD Min TTB A/P eyes closed: 0.75; 95% CI (3.05-3.97)

Velocity of COP A/P eyes open: 0.07; 95% CI (0.64-0.84)

Velocity of COP M/L eyes closed: 0.52; 95% CI (1.85-2.27)

SEBT P/M reach: 0.64; 95% CI (0.81-0.93)

SEBT P/L reach: 0.67; 95% CI (0.76-0.88)

FADI Scores: 0.68; 95% CI

(82.13-92.97)

FADI-Sport Scores: 1.63; 95% CI (70.09-81.21)

Absolute Min TTB M/L eyes closed: 0.60; 95% CI (0.49-0.57)

Mean Min TTB M/L eyes closed: 0.54; 95% CI (1.79-2.25)

MeanMinTTB A/P

eyes closed: 0.32; 95% CI (4.76-6.09)

SD Min TTB A/P eyes closed: 1.18; 95% CI (3.02-3.86)

Velocity of COP A/P eyes open: 0.38; 95% CI (0.66-0.8)

Velocity of COP M/L eyes closed: 0.42; 95% CI (1.81-2.23)

SEBT P/M reach: 1.83; 95% CI (0.82-0.9)

SEBT P/L reach: 1.0; 95% CI (0.77-0.88)

  1. MI = mechanical instability; CAI = chronic ankle instability; FADI = foot and ankle disability index; COP = center of pressure; TTB = time-to-boundary; SD = standard deviation; SEBT = Star Excursion Balance Test; A/P = anterior-posterior; M/L = medial/lateral; P/M = posterior-medial; P/L = posterior-lateral; Min = minimum
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BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation

ISSN: 2052-1847

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