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Table 5 Percentiles for shoulder complex passive ROM by arm dominance and sex

From: Clinical descriptive measures of shoulder range of motion for a healthy, young and physically active cohort

Dominant arm
Passive ROM Excursion Sex Percentile
   5 10 25 50 75 90 95
CAD (cm) Men 29.00 28.00 26.00 24.00 21.50 19.00 18.00
Women 27.00 26.00 24.00 21.00 18.88 17.00 15.00
FLX (º) Men 159.00 160.00 165.00 170.00 175.00 180.00 185.00
Women 158.05 163.00 169.50 172.50 180.00 183.60 185.65
ER0 (º) Men 60.00 65.00 75.00 84.00 90.00 95.00 100.00
Women 60.00 70.00 80.00 88.00 91.25 100.30 105.00
IR 90° Abduction (º) Men 35.00 42.00 50.00 60.00 70.00 76.10 80.00
Women 40.70 45.70 52.00 60.00 68.25 75.00 80.00
ER 90° Abduction (º) Men 88.95 90.90 96.00 105.00 110.00 117.00 120.05
Women 86.05 90.00 100.00 108.50 115.00 123.30 130.65
ARC (º) Men 135.00 140.00 151.00 163.00 175.00 185.00 190.00
  Women 140.00 145.00 155.00 167.50 175.00 187.50 195.50
Non-dominant arm
Passive ROM Excursion Sex Percentile
   5 10 25 50 75 90 95
CAD (cm) Men 28.00 27.00 25.00 23.00 20.00 19.00 17.48
Women 26.30 24.65 23.00 20.00 18.00 16.00 15.00
FLX (º) Men 155.00 160.00 165.00 170.00 175.00 180.00 185.00
Women 160.00 163.70 167.00 173.00 177.25 180.00 185.00
ER0 (º) Men 56.90 65.00 73.00 80.00 90.00 95.00 95.05
Women 65.00 68.50 75.00 85.00 90.00 95.00 98.65
IR 90° Abduction (º) Men 41.00 46.00 53.00 61.50 70.00 77.10 83.05
Women 50.00 50.70 55.00 65.00 72.75 80.00 84.65
ER 90° Abduction (º) Men 85.00 88.90 95.00 100.00 107.00 115.00 115.05
Women 86.75 90.00 95.00 103.00 110.25 120.00 120.00
ARC (º) Men 138.00 143.00 152.00 162.00 172.00 181.00 190.00
  Women 143.00 145.00 158.75 167.00 175.25 189.00 198.50
  1. Cross body adduction (CAD); flexion (FLX); external rotation (ER0) with the shoulder complex in a neutral position and elbow flexed to 90°; internal and external rotation (IR, ER) with the shoulder complex positioned at 90° of abduction and elbow flexed to 90°; arc (ARC) of IR and ER.
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