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Table 2 Summary of within and between group changes on clinical outcomes

From: The feasibility and effectiveness of high-intensity boxing training versus moderate-intensity brisk walking in adults with abdominal obesity: a pilot study

Outcome measures

Boxing (n = 6)

 

Walking (n = 6)

 

P (between groups)

Effect size (between groups)

Week 0

Week 16

%Change

P

Effect size(within group)

Week 0

Week 16

%Change

P

Effect size(within group)

Obesity outcomes:

            

Waist circumference (cm)

111.1 (18.0)

104.4 (12.2)

-5.3 (7.7)

0.19

0.48

98.4 (6.2)

97.8 (6.7)

-0.6 (2.7)

0.61

0.10

0.86

0.004

Body mass (kg)

95.7 (21.0)

90.8 (15.1)

-4.1 (7.0)

0.23

0.29

85.6 (9.1)

85.4 (9.4)

-0.3 (1.2)

0.63

0.02

0.93

0.001

BMI (kg/m2)

32.0 (5.9)

30.5 (4.0)

-4.0 (7.3)

0.25

0.33

30.8 (2.6)

30.7 (3.0)

-0.3 (1.8)

0.78

0.03

1

0

Body fat percentage (%)

33.5 (10.1)

29.5 (11.1)

-13.2 (10.6)

0.047

0.41

37.3 (13.1)

35.0 (11.3)

-5.4 (7.5)

0.17

0.21

0.95

0.004

Cardiovascular outcomes:

            

Resting HR (beats/min)

66 (4)

62 (6)

-6 (8)

0.10

0.86

75 (12)

74 (11)

-1 (4)

0.43

0.09

0.34

0.13

Resting SBP (mmHg)

137 (12)

123 (8)

-10 (7)

0.026

1.50

127 (4)

129 (8)

+2 (5)

0.45

0.34

0.10

0.33

Resting DBP (mmHg)

89 (8)

82 (9)

-8 (8)

0.074

0.90

89 (7)

89 (5)

0 (7)

1

0

0.16

0.26

Augmentation Index (%)

17.0 (15.4)

7.2 (15.7)

-126.7 (128.4)

<0.001

0.69

12.0 (18.5)

16.8 (12.6)

+41.4 (95.2)

0.41

0.33

0.064

0.41

Pulse Pressure (mmHg)

47 (9)

41 (5)

-10 (23)

0.28

0.90

38 (3)

41 (4)

+9 (14.0)

0.22

0.93

0.36

0.12

VO2max (ml/kg min)

27.9 (2.4)

32.5 (5.0)

+16.9 (18.6)

0.06

1.28

29.0 (6.4)

28.8 (8.0)

-1.1 (16.3)

0.93

0.03

0.34

0.13

VO2max (L/min)

2.691 (0.688)

2.970 (0.802)

+10.2 (6.7)

0.015

0.41

2.490 (0.691)

2.454 (0.761)

-1.6 (16.5)

0.78

0.05

0.22

0.21

HRQoL outcomes:

            

Physical Functioning

92.5 (6.1)

96.7 (2.6)

+4.7 (4.4)

0.042

0.98

91.7 (11.7)

90.8 (8.0)

-0.12 (9.3)

0.81

0.10

0.11

0.32

General Health

53.3 (8.8)

65.0 (8.9)

+25.2 (32.1)

0.07

1.45

65.8 (20.1)

62.5 (25.1)

-7.3 (16.8)

0.44

0.15

0.21

0.22

Vitality

50.0 (28.5)

66.3 (191)

+54.8 (49.9)

0.024

0.74

68.8 (32.6)

59.7 (33.8)

-19.1 (28.3)

0.043

0.30

0.02

0.54

  1. Data expressed as mean (standard deviation). Abbreviations: BMI body mass index, HR heart rate, SBP systolic blood pressure, VO 2peak peak oxygen consumption. Effect size = Cohen’s d.
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BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation

ISSN: 2052-1847

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