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(Ashburn et al. 2007) [7]
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• n = 142 (Exp = 70, Control = 72).
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Exp group: muscle strengthening, range of movement, balance training, walking training and Strategies for falls prevention, movement initiation and compensation.
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• Rates of Falling
|
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• Sex :male = ___female = ___
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Con group: visited by nurse For 6 months
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• Functional reach
|
|
• Mean Age of expt. =72.7(9.6)
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• BBS timed up and go test
|
|
• Mean Age of control. =71.6(8.8)
|
|
• Baseline UPDRS: Exp = 19.8(8.3) and Control = 22.2(11.9)
|
|
(Smania et al. 2010) [8]
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• n = 64 (Exp = 33, control = 31)
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Exp group: Exercises of self-destabilization of the COBM, Inducing destabilization of COBM externally and coordination between leg and arm movements during walking &locomotor dexterity over an obstacle course
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• BBS
|
|
• Mean Age of expt. =67.64 (7.41)
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Cont.group:- active joint mobilization, muscle stretching, and motor coordination exercises.
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• ABC
|
|
• Mean Age of control = 67.26(7.18)
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21 treatment sessions of 50 min each for one month.
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• UPDRS
|
|
• idiopathic PD and PI (Hoehn and Yahr [H&Y] stage 3–4)
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• modified Hoehn and Yahr scale
|
|
(Protas et al., 2005) [24]
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n = 18(Expt. = 9, Control = 9)
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Exp group I: Gait training(walking on a treadmill at a speed greater than over ground walking speed)
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Gait parameters
|
|
Mean age of exp. = 71.3(7.4)
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Exp group II [PNF]: Basic and Gait PNF, movement guidance, support & resistance for 1 h/day, three times per week for 8 weeks
|
5-step test report of falls
|
|
Mean age of contrl. = 73.7 (8.5)
|
|
(Schlenstedt et al. 2015) [27]
|
n = 32(Res. Training : n =17, balance training: n = 15;
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2x/week for 7 weeks, Each session lasted 60 min.
|
Fullerton Advanced Balance (FAB) scale
|
|
Mean age of exp. = 75.7 ± 5.5
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Resistance training group: strengthening exercise was given to lower limb muscles
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Timed-up-and-go-test (TUG)
|
|
Mean age of contl. = 75.7 ± 7.2
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Balance training group : stance- and gait tasks which require feed forward and feedback postural control
|
UPDRS
|
|
(Conradsson et al. 2015) [25]
|
(n = 100), experimental group = 51
|
Expt: reactive postural adjustments to control their balance during single-tasking(a 10-week Hi Balance program)
|
• Mini BESTest,
|
|
Control group =49.
|
Control: normal physical activities and participation in ongoing rehabilitation program.
|
• gait velocity
|
|
Mean Age of expt. =72.9 (6.0)
|
• Falls Efficacy Scale
|
|
Mean Age of control. =73.6 (5.3)
|
|
(Shen and Mak 2014) [29]
|
n = 51, (Expt., = 26) and (Contrl, = 25).
|
Expt : technology assisted balance + gait training
|
• falls rate
|
|
Mean Age of expt. =63.3 (8.0)
|
Control :- strengthening exercises (3 sessions/week, separated by 4 weeks of selfsupervised home-based training at a frequency of 5 sessions/week
|
• single-leg-stance time,
|
|
Mean Age of control. =65.3 (8.5)
|
• stride length
|
|
(Allen et al. 2010) [26]
|
n = 45 (Expt. =21 and Contrl. = 24)
|
Exp’t: Multi component exercise program (home-based)
|
• falls risk score
|
|
Mean Age of expt. =66 (10)
|
3 sessions/week/40-60 min/session/week for 30 days for 72 sessions
|
• timed sit-to-stand
|
|
Mean Age of control. =68 (7)
|
Control: Usual care (no exercise)
|
• falls rate
|
|
(Cakit et al. 2007) [28]
|
n = 31 (expt. = 21, control = 10), mean age =71.8 ± 6.4
|
Experimental group: Incremental speed-dependent treadmill training for 8 weeks.
|
• UPDRS
|
|
baseline UPDRS 18.14 _ 9.32
|
control group: not really mentioned
|
• BBS
|
|
• Dynamic Gait Index
|
|
• FES
|
