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Fig. 5 | BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation

Fig. 5

From: The effect of low level laser irradiation on oxidative stress, muscle damage and function following neuromuscular electrical stimulation. A double blind, randomised, crossover trial

Fig. 5

a Plasma creatine kinase (CK) activity at baseline and following single sessions of neuromuscular electrical stimulation preceded by single low-level laser irradiation or sham low-level laser intervention. LLLT – neuromuscular electrical stmulation preceded by low level laser irradiation; sham-LLLT – neuromuscular electrical stmulation preceded by sham low level laser intervention; baseline – immediately prior to intervention; 0 h – immediately post intervention; 24, 48, 72, 96 h – subsequent hours post intervention; values are means ± SE; no main effects present (p > 0.05); b Relative changes in plasma creatine kinase (CK) activity (as compared to baseline) following single sessions of neuromuscular electrical stimulation preceded by single low-level laser irradiation or sham low-level laser intervention. LLLT – neuromuscular electrical stmulation preceded by low level laser irradiation; sham-LLLT – neuromuscular electrical stmulation preceded by sham low level laser intervention; 0 h – immediately post intervention; 24, 48, 72, 96 h – subsequent hours post intervention; values are means ± SE. main time effect present (p < 0.05); *difference significant (p < 0.05), as compared 0 and 24 h (within the same intervention).

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