Table 2 Effect of the aerobic exercise intervention on sleep, as measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index

Subjective sleep quality

Experimental

0.93 ± 0.06

0 (1–1)

0.27

0.53 ± 0.50

1 (0–2)

< 0.001

0.25 ± 0.43

0 (0–0)

< 0.001

< 0.001

Control

0.77 ± 0.64

1 (0–1)

1.14 ± 0.64

1 (1–1)

1.40 ± 0.65

1 (1–2)

< 0.001

Sleep duration

Experimental

1.34 ± 0.90

1 (1–2)

0.16

0.81 ± 0.64

1 (1–1)

0.09

0.40 ± 0.49

1 (0–1)

< 0.001

< 0.001

Control

1.05 ± 0.63

1 (1–1)

1.20 ± 0.93

1 (1–1)

1.20 ± 0.93

1 (1–1)

0.95

Sleep latency

Experimental Control

0.81 ± 0.07

1 (0–1)

0.16

0.31 ± .0.47

1 (0–0)

0.03

0.39 ± 0.18

1 (0–0)

0.003

0.002

0..54 ± 0.61

1.5 (0–1)

0.71 ± 0.78

1 (0–1)

0.71 ± 0.78

1 (0–1)

0.11

Habitual sleep efficiency

Experimental

1.50 ± 1.52

1 (0–3)

0.41

0.46 ± 0.62

0 (0–1)

0.04

0.15 ± 0.36

0 (0–0)

0.03

< 0.001

Control

1.80 ± 1.49

3 (0–3)

1.31 ± 1.43

3 (0–3)

0.48 ± 0.70

0 (0–1)

< 0.001

Sleep disturbance

Experimental

1 ± 0.35

1 (1–1)

0.57

0.37 ± 0.49

1 (0–1)

< 0.0001

0.12 ± 0.33

1 (0–0)

< 0.0001

< 0.001

Control

1.05 ± 0.48

1 (1–1)

0.97 ± 0.45

1 (1–1)

0.97 ± 0.48

1 (1–1)

1

Daytime dysfunction

Experimental

0.84 ± 0.8

1 (0–1)

0.77

0.34 ± 0.54

0 (0–0)

< 0.0001

0.12 ± 0.33

0 (0–0)

< 0.0001

< 0.001

Control

0.82 ± 0.51

1 (1–1)

1.20 ± 0.79

1 (1–2)

1.14 ± 0.73

1 (1–2)

0.02

Global PSQI score

Experimental

6.46 ± 2.43

6.5 (5–7)

0.83

5.37 ± 1.97

5.5 (4–7)

< 0.0001

4.87 ± 2.21

5 (4–6)

< 0.0001

< 0.001

Control

6.31 ± 2.62

6 (5–8)

7.62 ± 2.51

8 (6–9)

2.70 ± 7.57

8 (6–9)

0.03