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Table 1 Progressive training intervention for 26 weeks

From: Systemic cross-talk between brain, gut, and peripheral tissues in glucose homeostasis: effects of exercise training (CROSSYS). Exercise training intervention in monozygotic twins discordant for body weight

ENDURANCE TRAINING (twice a week: one Session 1 and one Session 2)

 

Weeks 1–2

Weeks 3–4

Weeks 5–6

Weeks 7–9

Weeks 10–19

Weeks 20–26

Session 1

70% HRmax 30 min

70% HRmax 35 min

70% HRmax 40 min

70% HRmax 45 min

75% HRmax 45 min

80% HRmax 45 min

Session 2

60% HRmax 40 min

60% HRmax 50 min

60% HRmax 60 min

60 % HRmax 60 min

60 % HRmax 60 min

60 % HRmax 60 min

HIGH INTENSITY INTERVAL TRAINING (once a week one type of training)

Type

Completion method

Content of the training

Circuit

Perform 4 rounds of the movements in chronological order. Every round, spend 1 min in each movement: do as many repetitions as you can in 40 s and then rest for 20 s. Rest 1 min between the rounds after completing all movements (1–6).

Above 80% of HRmax

1. Lunges

2. X-jump/jumping rope/mountain climber

3. Back extension

4. Abdominal crunches (obliqual)

5. Burpee

6. Hip thrust

7. Rest

Cross training

First, perform 12 min of section A (switch between two movements). Rest 1 min.

Second, perform 6 min of section B. Rest 1 min.

Third, perform 6 min of section C.

Above 80% of HRmax

A. 500-m row/cycling/run

10 air squats

B. 20 kettlebell swings

10 push-ups/pull-ups

C. 30 sit-ups

30 box step-ups

HIIT

Make each bout as hard as possible. Return between bouts by walking calmly back to the starting point. Repeat 4–6 times.

Above 90% of HRmax

Choose one:

- Running/cycling/rowing

- Stair-running

- Uphill running

RESISTANCE TRAINING (once a week)

Weeks 1–9

Weeks 10–19

Weeks 20–26

Repetitions (load)

Leg press

Leg press/back squat

Leg press/back squat

3 × 10, (75% of 1RM)

Leg extension

Bulgarian squats

Hip extensions

3 × 10, (75% of 1RM)

Push-upsa

Cable seated row

Bent-over row

3 × 10, (75% of 1RM)

Peck-deck

Bench press

Bench press

3 × 10, (75% of 1RM)

Lat pulldown

Lat pulldown

Lat pulldown/Pull-ups

3 × 10, (75% of 1RM)

Shoulder press

Shoulder press

Shoulder press

3 × 10, (75% of 1RM)

Abdominal crunchesa

Abdominal crunchesa

Abdominal crunchesa

3 × 10

  1. HRmax maximum heart rate
  2. 1 RM: external load that can be lifted once i.e. one repetition maximum
  3. aBody weight exercise