Characteristic | TFCC-injured wrists (n = 7) | Intact wrists (n = 11) | p-value | Effect size r |
---|---|---|---|---|
Displacement (mm): Median (IQR) | 0.86 (0.16–0.96) | 0.50 (0.27–0.67) | 0.29 | − 0.26 |
Mean ± SD | 0.67 ± 0.41 | 0.51 ± 0.24 | (small) | |
Range, min–max | 0.06–1.14 | 0.18–0.96 | ||
Applied force (N): Median (IQR) | 4.47 (4.28–4.78) | 4.36 (3.39–4.46) | 0.13 | − 0.37 |
Mean ± SD | 4.53 ± 0.28 | 3.92 ± 0.96 | (medium) | |
Range, min–max | 4.20–5.01 | 2.17–5.15 | ||
Displacement-to-force ratio (mm/N): Median (IQR) | 0.19 (0.04–0.22) | 0.12 (0.09–0.18) | 0.43 | − 0.20 |
Mean ± SD | 0.15 ± 0.09 | 0.13 ± 0.05 | (small) | |
Range, min–max | 0.01–0.24 | 0.05–0.20 | ||
Grip strength (N): Median (IQR) | 309.9 (235.8–362.8) | 323.6 (281.9–339.8) | 1.0 | − 0.01 |
Mean ± SD | 303.9 ± 65.6 | 305.8 ± 54.7 | (none) | |
Range, min–max | 203.5–379.0 | 209.9–383.0 | ||
ROM, palmar flexion (°): Median (IQR) | 75 (60–90) | 75 (70–80) | 0.86 | − 0.04 |
Mean ± SD | 72.1 ± 16.0 | 74.5 ± 6.9 | (none) | |
Range, min–max | 45–90 | 65–85 | ||
ROM, dorsiflexion (°): Median (IQR) | 75 (70–85) | 80 (80–85) | 0.33 | − 0.25 |
Mean ± SD | 76.4 ± 7.5 | 79.5 ± 6.9 | (small) | |
Range, min–max | 65–85 | 60–85 | ||
ROM, radial deviation (°): Median (IQR) | 25 (20–25) | 30 (25–35) | 0.10 | − 0.41 |
Mean ± SD | 23.6 ± 3.8 | 28.6 ± 6.4 | (medium) | |
Range, min–max | 20–30 | 20–40 | ||
ROM, ulnar deviation (°): Median (IQR) | 35 (30–45) | 50 (40–55) | 0.02* | − 0.54 |
Mean ± SD | 38.6 ± 8.0 | 48.6 ± 7.8 | (large) | |
Range, min–max | 30–50 | 35–60 | ||
Arm circumference (cm): Median (IQR) | 29.0 (27.7–29.5) | 28.5 (28.2–29.5) | 0.66 | − 0.11 |
Mean ± SD | 28.5 ± 1.1 | 29.2 ± 1.8 | (small) | |
Range, min–max | 26.7–29.6 | 27.0–33.0 | ||
Forearm circumference (cm): Median (IQR) | 23.5 (22.7–24.0) | 24.0 (24.0–24.8) | 0.07 | − 0.43 |
Mean ± SD | 23.4 ± 0.7 | 24.5 ± 1.5 | (medium) | |
Range, min–max | 22.4–24.6 | 22.6–27.2 |