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Table 2 Accident and injury descriptions in accidents with Injury Severity Score (ISS) > 9

From: Kitesurfing and snowkiting injuries in Norway: a retrospective study

Surface

ISS

Accident description

Injury

Snow

12

Lifted by kite towards a rock. Most likely hit the rock with the head. The kite got stuck in a mast and the kiteboarder was left hanging unconscious above ground.

Cerebral concussion and unconsciousness, 2 fractures in os. zygomaticus/mandibula, lacerations in the face, and scaphoid fractures.

Snow

12

Fall while jumping 10–15 m. Flat light in the landing.

Neck fracture of the humerus and cerebral concussion, and 2 fractured ribs.

Water

13

Miscalculated the wind direction when jumping 5–6 m over a pier. Landed on a jetty.

4 back fractures, hematoma compressing the spine causing a temporarily reduced sensibility, 1 tarsal ligament tear, and abdominal, gluteus, and back muscle tears.

Snow

13

Lost control during kiteboarding and got dragged into a parked motor vehicle.

Clavicular fracture, 9 costa fractures, and lung contusion.

Snow

13

Falling 5 m after wind gust on snow. Landed with spread legs.

Open book fracture in the pelvis, paralyzed leg, cerebral concussion, and hypothermia.

Snow

14

Falling 7 m vertically and 15 m horizontally after a wind gust. Landing on ice.

Fracture of all costae on the right side, compression fracture in shoulder and hips, facial laceration, and contusion in one arm.

Snow

14

Caught by whirlwind and thrown 4–5 m vertically and 150 m horizontally.

Unconscious for short time, cerebral concussion, rib fracture, pneumothorax, soft tissue injury in thigh and shoulder, and facial laceration.

Water

17

Lost control of the kite in a strong wind. The kite inverted and started looping. Crashed on rocks.

Unconscious for short time, open jaw fracture, mandibular fracture, maxillary fracture, 5 rib fractures, contusion of n. opticus, and facial lacerations.

Snow

22

Lifted 10–20 m vertically and 50 m horizontally by the kite on snow.

Femur fracture, 2 pelvic fractures, columnar compression fracture, and hematoma in lung and kidney.