Articles

Postural orientation, what to expect in youth athletes? A cohort study on data from the Malmö Youth Sport Study

Studies investigating postural orientation in uninjured youth athletes are scarce. Understanding how postural orientation during functional performance tests change with age in uninjured athletes has the poten...

Authors: Sofia Ryman Augustsson, Jenny Nae, Magnus Karlsson, Tomas Peterson, Per Wollmer and Eva Ageberg

Cycling in people with a lower limb amputation

To evaluate cycling participation and identify barriers and facilitators related to cycling participation in people with a lower limb amputation (LLA) in the Netherlands.

Authors: Jutamanee Poonsiri, Rienk Dekker, Pieter U. Dijkstra, Juha M. Hijmans and Jan H. B. Geertzen

Correction to: Relationship of the knee extensor strength but not the quadriceps femoris muscularity with sprint performance in sprinters: a reexamination and extension

Authors: Miyuki Hori, Tadashi Suga, Masafumi Terada, Takahiro Tanaka, Yuki Kusagawa, Mitsuo Otsuka, Akinori Nagano and Tadao Isaka

Risk factors for overuse injuries in a cohort of elite Swedish track and field athletes

Most injuries in track and field are caused by overuse with conflicting reports concerning the underlying mechanisms. The purpose of this study was to evaluate how biomechanical and clinical factors relate to ...

Authors: Andreas Lundberg Zachrisson, Andreas Ivarsson, Pia Desai, Jon Karlsson and Stefan Grau

Intra- and intersession reliability and agreement of the Unilateral Seated Shot-Put Test outcome measures in healthy male athletes

The Unilateral Seated Shot-Put Test (USSPT) consists of pushing an overweight ball as far as possible to assess upper extremity power unilaterally and bilateral symmetry. Literature however reports various bod...

Authors: Matthieu Degot, Yoann Blache, Grégory Vigne, Gabriel Franger, Lionel Neyton and Isabelle Rogowski

The effect of a shoulder injury prevention programme on proprioception and dynamic stability of young volleyball players; a randomized controlled trial

The “FIFA 11 + Shoulder” programme has been reported to reduce the incidence of upper extremity injuries among soccer goalkeepers. It has also been recommended for overhead sports. The purpose of this study wa...

Authors: Mostafa Zarei, Saeed Eshghi and Mahdi Hosseinzadeh

ReCOV: recovery and rehabilitation during and after COVID-19 – a study protocol of a longitudinal observational study on patients, next of kin and health care staff

The knowledge of the long-term consequences of covid-19 is limited. In patients, symptoms such as fatigue, decreased physical, psychological, and cognitive function, and nutritional problems have been reported...

Authors: E. Rydwik, L. Anmyr, M. Regardt, A. McAllister, R. Zarenoe, E. Åkerman, Y. Orrevall, M. Bragesjö, O. Dahl, M. K. Kemani, L. Nordstrand, U. Ekman, L. Holmström and M. Nygren-Bonnier

Do assessments of cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness influence subsequent reported physical activity? A randomized controlled trial

Regular physical activity and exercise provide many health benefits. These health benefits are mediated in large part through cardiorespiratory fitness and muscular strength. As most individuals have not had a...

Authors: James T. Langland, Neeraj Sathnur, Qi Wang and Andrew P. J. Olson

Peak week recommendations for bodybuilders: an evidence based approach

Bodybuilding is a competitive endeavor where a combination of muscle size, symmetry, “conditioning” (low body fat levels), and stage presentation are judged. Success in bodybuilding requires that competitors a...

Authors: Guillermo Escalante, Scott W. Stevenson, Christopher Barakat, Alan A. Aragon and Brad J. Schoenfeld

Relationship of the knee extensor strength but not the quadriceps femoris muscularity with sprint performance in sprinters: a reexamination and extension

This study examined the relationships of knee extensor strength and quadriceps femoris size with sprint performance in sprinters.

Authors: Miyuki Hori, Tadashi Suga, Masafumi Terada, Takahiro Tanaka, Yuki Kusagawa, Mitsuo Otsuka, Akinori Nagano and Tadao Isaka

Linking sports registration information and player feedback to enhance netball participation

Sports should endeavour to provide inclusive opportunities for all people to participate. More evidence is required to understand who joins sports clubs and what keeps participants engaged throughout their lif...

Authors: Bridget C. Foley, Catriona Rose, Katherine B. Owen and Lindsey J. Reece

Visual assessment of movement quality: a study on intra- and interrater reliability of a multi-segmental single leg squat test

The Single Leg Squat test (SLS) is a common tool used in clinical examination to set and evaluate rehabilitation goals, but there is not one established SLS test used in the clinic. Based on previous scientifi...

Authors: John Ressman, Wilhelmus Johannes Andreas Grooten and Eva Rasmussen-Barr

Dietary nitrate and population health: a narrative review of the translational potential of existing laboratory studies

Dietary inorganic nitrate (NO₃⁻) is a polyatomic ion, which is present in large quantities in green leafy vegetables and beetroot, and has attracted considerable attention in recent years as a potential health-pr...

Authors: Oliver M. Shannon, Chris Easton, Anthony I. Shepherd, Mario Siervo, Stephen J. Bailey and Tom Clifford

Does one heavy load back squat set lead to postactivation performance enhancement of three-point explosion and sprint in third division American football players?

American football players need the ability to provide maximal muscular power in a modicum of time. Postactivation performance enhancement (PAPE), which is characterized by an acute improvement of a performance...

Authors: Robert Bielitzki, Daniel Hamacher and Astrid Zech

Body composition in professional female netball players within and between seasons: a cohort study

There is limited information on the physique attributes of female netball players from the highest playing standards and the typical body composition changes that occur with training and competition in these a...

Authors: Luke Hogarth, Ava Farley, Max McKenzie, Brendan Burkett and Mark McKean

Prophylactic ankle supports effects on time to stabilization, perceived stability and ground reaction force during lateral landing in female collegiate athletes with chronic ankle instability

This study was designed to investigate effects of Kinesiotape (KT) with closed basket weave method and lace-up braces (LB) on the vertical time to stabilization, peak vertical ground reaction force (PvGRF), an...

Authors: Ali Yalfani and Zahra Raeisi

Compression socks enhance sensory feedback to improve standing balance reactions and reflex control of walking

Compression garments are generally used for their potential benefits in exercise performance and post-exercise recovery. Previous studies show that compression sleeves worn at the elbow change neuromuscular co...

Authors: Yao Sun, Bridget Munro and E. Paul Zehr

Personalized paths for physical activity: developing a person-centered quantitative function to determine a customized amount of exercise and enhancing individual commitment

Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) are leading causes of mortality. These conditions are also known as chronic diseases of long duration and generally slow progression. Physical activity (PA) is a main factor to...

Authors: Giovanni Iolascon, Francesca Gimigliano, Gioconda Di Pietro, Antimo Moretti, Marco Paoletta, Matteo Rivezzi, Alessandro Distante and Prisco Piscitelli

Gender inclusive sporting environments: the proportion of women in non-player roles over recent years

Throughout the ecosystem of sport, women have been and continue to be underrepresented at all levels compared to men. The capacity of community-level sport is heavily reliant on the many non-player roles inclu...

Authors: R Eime, M Charity, B. C Foley, J Fowlie and L. J Reece

LOAD-intensity and time-under-tension of exercises for men who have Achilles tendinopathy (the LOADIT trial): a randomised feasibility trial

One potential reason for disparate outcomes of exercise for Achilles tendinopathy is poor knowledge about whether exercise parameters (i.e. different exercise doses) influence outcome. Whether parameters that ...

Authors: Fatmah Hasani, Terry Haines, Shannon E. Munteanu, Peter Schoch, Bill Vicenzino and Peter Malliaras

Sex-specific effects of small-sided games in basketball on psychometric and physiological markers during Ramadan intermittent fasting: a pilot study

We assessed the effects of gender, in association with a four-week small-sided games (SSGs) training program, during Ramadan intermitting fasting (RIF) on changes in psychometric and physiological markers in p...

Authors: Seifeddine Brini, Abderraouf Ben Abderrahman, Cain C. T. Clark, Sghaeir Zouita, Anthony C. Hackney, Karuppasamy Govindasamy, Urs Granacher and Hassane Zouhal

Swimming-induced changes in pulmonary function: special observations for clinical testing

A special improvement in pulmonary function is found in swimmers. In clinical testing the airway reactivity is observed at certain exercise intensity and target ventilation. However, in highly trained swimmers...

Authors: Marja Päivinen, Kari Keskinen and Heikki Tikkanen

Technical and tactical diagnosis model of table tennis matches based on BP neural network

The technical and tactical diagnosis of table tennis is extremely important in the preparation for competition which is complicated by an apparent nonlinear relationship between athletes’ performance and their...

Authors: Wenwen Huang, Miaomiao Lu, Yuxuan Zeng, Mengyue Hu and Yi Xiao

Sports nutrition knowledge and perceptions among professional basketball athletes and coaches in Lebanon-a cross-sectional study

Basketball is the most popular sport in Lebanon. Adequate nutrition has been established to be a key component of optimal athletic performance, recovery from exercise and exercise-induced injury and documented...

Authors: Jocelyne Matar Boumosleh, Catherine el Hage and Antoine Farhat

Auditory exostosis in Australian warm water surfers: a cross-sectional study

Surfing is a popular sport in Australia, accounting for nearly 10% of the population. External auditory exostosis (EAE), also referred to as surfer’s ear, is recognized as a potentially serious complication of...

Authors: Vini Simas, Wayne Hing, Evelyne Rathbone, Rodney Pope and Mike Climstein

Association of TNF-α -308G > A polymorphism with susceptibility to tendinopathy in athletes: a case–control study

High levels of the tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) induce apoptosis and pro-inflammatory effects for primary degeneration of tendon and development of tendinopathy. The aim of this study was to investigate...

Authors: Lucas Rafael Lopes, Vitor Almeida Ribeiro de Miranda, João Antonio Matheus Guimarães, Gabriel Garcez de Araujo Souza, Victor Soares Wainchtock, João Alves Grangeiro Neto, Rodrigo de Araújo Goes and Jamila Alessandra Perini

Analysis of the consumption of sports supplements in elite fencers according to sex and competitive level

The aim of this study was to analyze the consumption of sports supplements (SS) in competitive level fencers and compare differences based on sex and competitive level (international and national).

Authors: Fernando Mata, Raúl Domínguez, Álvaro López-Samanes, Ángela Sánchez-Gómez, Pablo Jodra and Antonio J. Sánchez-Oliver

Effects of a neuromuscular training program using external focus attention cues in male athletes with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a randomized clinical trial

Athletes who have undergone anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction often exhibit persistent altered biomechanics and impaired function. Neuromuscular training programs appear to be effective for reduc...

Authors: Mohamad Ghaderi, Amir Letafatkar, Abbey C. Thomas and Sohrab Keyhani

The effect of omega3 fatty acid supplementation on PPARγ and UCP2 expressions, resting energy expenditure, and appetite in athletes

Omega3 fatty acids as a ligand of energy-related genes, have a role in metabolism, and energy expenditure. These effects are due to changes in the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma...

Authors: Sara Moradi, Mohamadreza Alivand, Yaser KhajeBishak, Mohamad AsghariJafarabadi, Maedeh Alipour, Philip D. Chilibeck and Beitullah Alipour

Angiotensin-(1–7) oral formulation improves physical performance in mountain bike athletes: a double‐blinded crossover study

The ECA2/Ang-(1–7)/Mas axis is shown to be involved in effects mediated by physical exercise, as it can induce the release of nitric oxide (ON) and bradykinin (BK), which are potent vasodilators. The vasodilat...

Authors: Samara Silva de Moura, Adália Táci Pereira Mendes, Francisco de Assis Dias Martins-Júnior, Nádia Lúcia Totou, Daniel Barbosa Coelho, Emerson Cruz de Oliveira, Daisy Motta-Santos, Robson Augusto Souza dos Santos and Lenice Kappes Becker

Differences in the attitudes to sport psychology consulting between individual and team sport athletes

The purpose of the present study was to investigate how an athlete’s participation in either an individual or team sport is related to their attitude toward sport psychology consulting and their willingness to...

Authors: Dáire Rooney, Robin C. Jackson and Neil Heron

Sex differences in the consumption of over-the-counter analgesics among amateur volleyball players

Compared with the normal adult population, athletes of several sport disciplines, such as endurance sports, ball sports, cycling and swimming, have higher use of over-the-counter analgesics (OTC analgesics). T...

Authors: Lisa Hager, Beate Averbeck, Claudia Voelcker-Rehage and Dieter F. Kutz

Unilateral and bilateral training competitive archers differ in some potentially unhealthy neck-shoulder region movement behaviour characteristics

Excessive unilateral joint loads may lead to overuse disorders. Bilateral training in archery is only performed as a supportive coordination training and as a variation of typical exercise. However, a series o...

Authors: Mareike Schmitt, Lutz Vogt, Jan Wilke and Daniel Niederer

Effects of self-myofascial release interventions with or without sliding pressures on skin temperature, range of motion and perceived well-being: a randomized control pilot trial

Self-myofascial release is an emerging technique in strength and conditioning. Yet, there is no consensus regarding optimal practice guidelines. Here, we investigated the acute effects of various foam rolling ...

Authors: Yann Kerautret, Aymeric Guillot, Carole Eyssautier, Guillaume Gibert and Franck Di Rienzo

The podium illusion: a phenomenological study of the influence of social support on well-being and performance in elite para swimmers

The value of social support in enhancing performance is well established in non-impaired and sub-international level athletes with impairments. Despite this, no research to date has explored the experiences of...

Authors: Beth Aitchison, Alison B. Rushton, Paul Martin, Andrew Soundy and Nicola R. Heneghan

Prevalence of abnormal and borderline electrocardiogram changes in 13, 079 Chinese amateur marathon runners

The 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) has been adopted as an important component of preparticipation cardiovascular screening. However, there are still controversies in the screening and few studies with a large...

Authors: Xu Wen, Yu-min Huang, Tong-Hui Shen, Ying-Lan Gong, Rui-qing Dong, Ling Xia and Tian-sheng Xie

The association between cardiorespiratory fitness, liver fat and insulin resistance in adults with or without type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional analysis

Exercise-induced improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) often coincide with improvements in insulin sensitivity and reductions in liver fat content. However, there are limited data concerning the rela...

Authors: Angelo Sabag, Shelley E. Keating, Kimberley L. Way, Rachelle N. Sultana, Sean M. Lanting, Stephen M. Twigg and Nathan A. Johnson

Patterns of rapid weight loss in elite sambo athletes

Rapid weight loss (RWL) is commonly practiced in combat sports. Both magnitude and methods used to induce RWL are largely similar among combat sports, but currently, there is no data on RWL methodology used by...

Authors: Patrik Drid, Flavia Figlioli, Nemanja Lakicevic, Ambra Gentile, Valdemar Stajer, Bojan Raskovic, Nina Vojvodic, Roberto Roklicer, Tatjana Trivic, Sergey Tabakov, Sergey Eliseev and Antonino Bianco

Correlations between isokinetic knee torques and single-leg hop distances in three directions in patients after ACL reconstruction

When planning rehabilitation and conditioning for performance enhancement and a return to sports after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, identifying the elements of physical function associated with s...

Authors: Junya Aizawa, Kenji Hirohata, Shunsuke Ohji, Takehiro Ohmi, Sho Mitomo, Hideyuki Koga and Kazuyoshi Yagishita

Athletic identity and sport commitment in athletes after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction who have returned to sports at their pre-injury level of competition

This study aimed to determine the relationships between athletic identity and sport commitment and return to sports (RTS) status in athletes after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR).

Authors: Shunsuke Ohji, Junya Aizawa, Kenji Hirohata, Sho Mitomo, Takehiro Ohmi, Tetsuya Jinno, Hideyuki Koga and Kazuyoshi Yagishita

The effects of a high-intensity exercise bout on landing biomechanics post anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a quasi-experimental study

We aimed to examine the effect of a high-intensity exercise bout on landing biomechanics in soccer players who underwent anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) and non-injured soccer players during a...

Authors: Ahmad Dhahawi Alanazi, Katy Mitchell, Toni Roddey, Aqeel M. Alenazi, Msaad M. Alzhrani, Ahmed M. Almansour and Alexis Ortiz-Rodriguez

Effect of Transversus abdominis muscle training on pressure-pain threshold in patients with chronic low Back pain

Therapeutic training is the most commonly used treatment methods for chronic low back pain (CLBP), and the use of a pressure biofeedback unit for transversus abdominis muscle (TrA) training is one of the core ...

Authors: Changming Xu, Zhiwei Fu and Xueqiang Wang

Effect of speed and gradient on plantar force when running on an AlterG® treadmill

Anti-gravity treadmills are used to decrease musculoskeletal loading during treadmill running often in return to play rehabilitation programs. The effect different gradients (uphill/downhill running) have on k...

Authors: Athol Thomson, Rodney Whiteley, Clint Hansen, Julius Welzel, Sebastien Racinais and Mathew G. Wilson

What are the impact and the optimal design of a physical prehabilitation program in patients with esophagogastric cancer awaiting surgery? A systematic review

Substantial postoperative complications occur after tumor resection for esophagogastric cancers. Physical prehabilitation programs aim to prepare patients for surgery by improving their functional status with ...

Authors: Elise Piraux, Gregory Reychler, Louise Maertens de Noordhout, Patrice Forget, Yannick Deswysen and Gilles Caty

The influence of athletic performance on the highest positions of the final ranking during 2017/2018 Serie A season

Our previous study on the 2016/2017 Serie A season showed that a greater likelihood of reaching the top positions in the Italian league “Serie A” seemed to be mainly related to sprint activity, goal attempts, ...

Authors: Umile Giuseppe Longo, Francesco Sofi, Vincenzo Candela, Laura Risi Ambrogioni, Giuditta Pagliai, Carlo Massaroni, Emiliano Schena, Matteo Cimmino, Fabrizio D’Ancona and Vincenzo Denaro

Lower extremity compression garments use by athletes: why, how often, and perceived benefit

Studies on the benefits of lower extremity compression garments (CGs) have focused on their effects on post-exercise recovery and performance improvement. Less is known about why athletes actually use CGs, the...

Authors: Thierry P. C. Franke, Frank J. G. Backx and Bionka M. A. Huisstede

Random forest model to identify factors associated with anabolic-androgenic steroid use

One of the types of doping that is commonly used by bodybuilders, is androgenic-anabolic steroids (AAS). The use of AAS besides violating sporting ethics would have serious consequences on physical and mental ...

Authors: Zohreh Manoochehri, Majid Barati, Javad Faradmal and Sara Manoochehri

Acute effects of different balance exercise types on selected measures of physical fitness in youth female volleyball players

Earlier studies have shown that balance training (BT) has the potential to induce performance enhancements in selected components of physical fitness (i.e., balance, muscle strength, power, speed). While there...

Authors: Raouf Hammami, Helmi Chaabene, Fatma Kharrat, Hanen Werfelli, Michael Duncan, Haithem Rebai and Urs Granacher

The effect of the combination of whole body vibration and shoe with an unstable surface in chronic ankle instability treatment: a randomized clinical trial

Chronic ankle instability (CAI) is a common condition following an ankle sprain. This study investigated the effects of whole body vibration (WBV) and shoe with an unstable surface training on balance, functio...

Authors: Farideh Shamseddini Sofla, Mohammad Hadadi, Iman Rezaei, Negar Azhdari and Sobhan Sobhani

Resistance-induced brain activity changes during cycle ergometer exercises

EEGs are frequently employed to measure cerebral activations during physical exercise or in response to specific physical tasks. However, few studies have attempted to understand how exercise-state brain activ...

Authors: Ming-An Lin, Ling-Fu Meng, Yuan Ouyang, Hsiao-Lung Chan, Ya-Ju Chang, Szi-Wen Chen and Jiunn-Woei Liaw